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Topsy-Turvy

 Topsy-Turvy
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TVTItem
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Topsy-Turvy
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Topsy-Turvy is a 1999 film written and directed by Mike Leigh that focuses on the partnership of Gilbert and Sullivan when they reach a crossroads in their career.After earning disappointing reviews for Princess Ida, Sir Arthur Sullivan (Allan Corduner) starts to reconsider his partnership with William Gilbert (Jim Broadbent) creating comic operas for the Savoy Theatre, believing the duo is stuck in a rut. To get Gilbert's mind off his troubles, his wife, Kitty (Lesley Manville), drags him to the Japanese Village in Knightsbridge, and he is inspired to write The Mikado. What follows is a comprehensive story of how the play was developed, such as how it was written, how Sullivan prepared the music and the singing, and how Gilbert dealt with the choreography, costuming and actors.Topsy-Turvy was nominated for four Academy Awards and won for Best Costume Design and Makeup.
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2024-02-22T16:14:48Z
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2024-02-22T16:14:48Z
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ArtisticLicenceHistory
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Artistic Licence – History: In the film, Gilbert gets the idea to write The Mikado after visiting the Knightsbridge Japanese Village. The real exhibition did not open until 1885, long after Gilbert sent Sullivan the first plot sketch of The Mikado in May 1884. In the real-life opening-night performance of The Mikado, the Act 2 finale began with "The Threatened Cloud Has Passed Away." That was felt to be too short, so "For He's Gone and Married Yum-Yum" was added later, as seen in the film and modern performances. Gilbert, indignant at Sullivan's unwillingness to set his proposed magic potion piece, encourages him to contact Mr. Ibsen in Oslo if he wants to write a more "dull" opera. Oslo was called Kristiania at the time. Not until 1925 would the city revert to the medieval name by which Gilbert called it. When Mike Leigh found this out, at the Venice Film Festival where the completed film was being screened, he was mortified, as he prides himself on exhaustive research.
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Those Two Guys
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Those Two Guys: Lely and Temple.
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Heh Heh, You Said "X"
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Heh Heh, You Said "X": Sullivan chuckles when Gilbert reads the play's subtitle, "The Town of Titipu." (Of course, knowing Gilbert, that's probably quite intentional.)
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White Man's Burden
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During a lunch meeting, Grossmith and Barrington make some extremely racist comments about Africans, and they are mildly rebuked by Lely (who, being Scottish, has certainly been the subject of English racism himself). Such attitudes were rather common in Victorian England, and thinking of Africans as a bunch of half-naked savages living up in trees was part of the justification for British Imperialism.
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The Prima Donna
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The Prima Donna: While many of the senior members of the acting troupe have prima donna tendencies, the worst offender is the troupe's choreographer, Mr D'Auban.
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Only Sane Man
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Only Sane Man: D'Oyly Carte, in managing his business, has to contend with both reluctant Sullivan and stubborn Gilbert, as well as all the actors employed in their operettas.
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Camp Straight
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Camp Straight: Lely and Temple are happily married to their wives but, when chatting in the dressing room, delightfully… theatrical.
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Potty Emergency
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Potty Emergency: Two actors get food poisoning from bad oysters and feel the effects during separate meetings with the owner of the Savoy Theatre.
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Sophisticated as Hell
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Sophisticated as Hell:
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Creative Differences
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Creative Differences: In-universe. This is the essential problem for Gilbert and Sullivan with the latter tired with the fantasy musical comedies Gilbert keeps writing, while Gilbert doesn't see what the problem is with his creations.
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Ooh, Me Accent's Slipping
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comment
Ooh, Me Accent's Slipping: In-universe. Actor Durward Lely is a Scotsman who affects a posh Southern English accent on stage and in most of his public dealings. Except when angered. Also in-universe for Mrs. Fanny Ronalds, who is an American society lady living in English society. When with Sullivan and other intimate English friends, she tends to be in a generic upper English accent, but in hosting private concerts for English society she slips into her normal American accent.
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Tone Shift
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comment
Tone Shift: The first half of the film dramatises the stagnation of Gilbert & Sullivan's creative partnership, with Sullivan becoming increasingly impatient with Gilbert's ideas, or rather (as Sullivan feels) Gilbert's lack of fresh ideas, and the two lead characters become more and more bad-tempered (although this establishes their characters: Sullivan deals with their joint Creator Breakdown by going to Europe and living it up, whereas Gilbert deals with it by staying at home and becoming ever more grumpy.) As soon as Gilbert attends the Japanese exhibition, becomes inspired to write The Mikado and reads the resulting to libretto to an appreciative Sullivan, the whole tone of the film shifts into comedy and stays there throughout the ensuing rehearsal sequences. It shifts back into drama at the end, as we see that the enormous success of the show hasn't necessarily fixed the characters' lives and that some of them are just as messed-up as they were to begin with.
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Bittersweet Ending
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Bittersweet Ending: The Mikado is a huge success, but Kitty Gilbert is still sad about the fact that they don't have children; Fanny is pregnant by Sullivan but they know that she'll have to have an abortion, as the scandal of her being an unmarried mother would be too great; Leonora is still lonely, and a title card says that Sullivan did eventually realize his dream of writing a grand opera, Ivanhoe, but that almost nobody performs it anymore.
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Death Glare
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Death Glare: Katisha gives a particularly terrifying one to the crowd during the Miya-sama scene.
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Gilligan Cut
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comment
Gilligan Cut: Gilbert says he would not visit the Japanese exhibition, "not for all the tea in China". The next scene is of him and Kitty wandering around it. In a previous scene, Gilbert says "I would rather go to a Turkish bath with my grandmother than go to the blasted dentist." His wife nods. Cut to Gilbert in the dentist's chair.
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Functional Addict
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comment
Functional Addict: Grossmith is revealed to be a morphine addict. He's unsteady during a rehearsal but ultimately manages to perform onstage as Ko-ko. If the real Grossmith was an addict, he still managed to write and perform for decades after the events of this film.
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Bilingual Dialogue
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comment
Bilingual Dialogue: Numerous characters drop into French in the course of ordinary conversation, the most conspicuous example being Madame Leon, the wardrobe mistress, who speaks mostly in French despite her honking working-class London accent. Sullivan also speaks German to his butler.
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Method Acting
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comment
William Gilbert has to deal with an actor who has a hissy fit over his costume which seems too "revealing," even though by modern audiences' eyes, it is demure. Furthermore, with Method Acting stars like Dustin Hoffman and Meryl Streep becoming well known and respected for the lengths they will go to be in character, this actor sounds childishly unprofessional.
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Laser-Guided Karma
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Laser-Guided Karma: Grossmith, Barrington and Lely have lunch, at which they discuss the fall of Khartoum. While slurping down oysters, Grossmith and Barrington make extremely racist remarks, but Lely (who's Scottish) mildly reminds them of a massacre of the Scots by the English. After the lunch, Grossmith and Barrington try to argue for raises from D'Oyly Carte, but they've necome too sick from food poisoning. Lely, who stuck to the sole, is perfectly healthy.
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Comedy Ghetto
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Comedy Ghetto: In universe. Sullivan's motive for wanting to move away from comic operas to more serious fare, such as symphonies.
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Victorian London
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Victorian London: That being the time and setting where the film takes place.
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Girl Friday
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Girl Friday: Helen Lenoir to Richard D'Oyly Carte, as in real life.
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Costume Drama
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Costume Drama
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CloudCuckooLander
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Cloud Cuckoo Lander: Mr D'Auban, (Andy Serkis) the choreographer. He can't stop performing humorous pantomimes for the Japanese guests, since they can't understand anything anyone is saying.
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The Show Must Go On
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The Show Must Go On: Despite painful kidney disease, Sullivan rouses himself out of bed to conduct the orchestra on Princess Ida's opening night.
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EyeTwitch
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Eye Twitch: The Mikado, when being upstaged by his daughter-in-law elect.
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Making the Masterpiece
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Making the Masterpiece: The story of the making of The Mikado.
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Deliberate Values Dissonance
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comment
Deliberate Values Dissonance: William Gilbert has to deal with an actor who has a hissy fit over his costume which seems too "revealing," even though by modern audiences' eyes, it is demure. Furthermore, with Method Acting stars like Dustin Hoffman and Meryl Streep becoming well known and respected for the lengths they will go to be in character, this actor sounds childishly unprofessional. During a lunch meeting, Grossmith and Barrington make some extremely racist comments about Africans, and they are mildly rebuked by Lely (who, being Scottish, has certainly been the subject of English racism himself). Such attitudes were rather common in Victorian England, and thinking of Africans as a bunch of half-naked savages living up in trees was part of the justification for British Imperialism.
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Wound That Will Not Heal
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Wound That Will Not Heal: Jessie Bond suffers from an abscess in her leg, which means she’s in more or less constant pain. This was Truth in Television.
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Sexless Marriage
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Sexless Marriage: Kitty keeps inviting William to stay with her in her bedroom, but he seems only interested in venting about his professional frustrations before leaving. In the end, Kitty's idea for a new play is an allegory for her loneliness and lack of children. It's not clear whether she's been unable to have children of if their marriage is so sexless that she simply hasn't had the opportunity. By contrast, Sullivan has a very sexual relationship with his lover Fanny Ronalds but insists on her getting abortions when she accidentally gets pregnant.
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Hypocritical Humor
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Hypocritical Humor: Gilbert argues to Lely that he must accept that his profession obliges him to sometimes be a bit undignified because they’re not doing "grand opera in Milan", they’re doing "low burlesque on the banks of the Thames." Later on, he argues to Mr. D’Auban the choreographer that he must have authentic behaviour because they’re not doing "low burlesque", they’re doing "an entirely original Japanese opera".
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Set Behind the Scenes
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Set Behind the Scenes: Most of the film shows the inner workings of the D'Oyly Carte company as The Mikado is conceived, produced, and rehearsed.
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Show Within a Show
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Show Within a Show: Type 1, the production of The Mikado.
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Shout-Out
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Shout-Out: Gilbert complains that Sullivan wants to write a serious opera about "a prostitute dying of consumption in a garret," an obvious nod to Verdi's La Traviata. Gilbert also drops quotes from Shakespeare into his conversation, as he was known to do. In rehearsals, Grossmith misspeaks one of Gilbert's lines as "Here's another fine mess you've gotten me into," a blatantly anachronistic shout-out to Laurel and Hardy.
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"Eureka!" Moment
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"Eureka!" Moment: Gilbert is inspired to write The Mikado when a mounted samurai sword falls off his wall.
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Depraved Dentist
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Depraved Dentist: Gilbert is loath to go to the dentist, and when he finally relents, we can see why. His tooth is pulled without anesthetic, which was standard for the time. The dentist is cheerful throughout the procedure, noting that the pulled tooth is "a real beauty" as Gilbert moans in pain. He even starts critiquing Princess Ida when Gilbert is unable to respond!
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Reasonable Authority Figure
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comment
Reasonable Authority Figure: Richard D’Oyly Carte, boss of the whole company. He offers his actors pay rises and is genuinely concerned when their attempts to wangle even bigger pay rises are interrupted by bouts of food poisoning. When he warns Leonora that she mustn’t let her drinking problem interfere with her acting, he does so in the most delicate way, and when she promises to keep it under control, he is genuinely pleased. When negotiations between Gilbert & Sullivan have broken down, he even invites them to lunch, but they don’t go. He never raises his voice, and where necessary, he lets his sidekick Helen do the talking.
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Drugs Are Bad
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Drugs Are Bad: We see George Grossmith hiding in his dressing room to use morphine before the first performance.
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Avoid the Dreaded G Rating
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Avoid the Dreaded G Rating: The film's "R" rating apparently comes from just one short gratuitous scene with some topless burlesque dancers, and a very brief shot of an actor shooting up some drugs; there's hardly any other remotely offensive content at all.
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Last-Name Basis
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Last-Name Basis: This is Victorian Britain, so only a man's family refers to him by his first name. All the men are addressed by surname.
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Sci-Fi Ghetto
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Sci-Fi Ghetto: Sullivan was also tired of the fantasy plot devices Gilbert used in his stories and wanted something more "probable."
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Determinator
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Determinator: Sullivan is introduced dragging himself out of bed despite his kidney problems and fortifying himself with morphine, strong coffee, liquor and cigarettes until he's strong enough to conduct his orchestra.
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Bad "Bad Acting"
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Bad "Bad Acting": During rehearsals, the script supervisor Seymour fills in for two actors who are absent that day. His performance is ribbed by Gilbert and the remaining actors.
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Fully-Clothed Nudity
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Fully-Clothed Nudity: Durward Lely complains that his costume as Nanki-Poo (a short jacket and black tights) renders him practically naked and only relents when Gilbert convinces him that the Japanese do not wear trousers.
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Pet the Dog
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Pet the Dog: Gilbert may be cold to the subject of his mother, self deprecating to the point of being unable to watch his own work, and a perfectionist who keeps actors in rehearsal until they perform his lines to is exact standards, but he's also shown to be capable of some kindness such as restoring Richard Temple's solo "A more humane Mikado" when confronted by the Savoy chorus, or to Jessie Bond when the abscess on her leg causes her pain, even giving her a kiss on the forehead to calm her nerves on opening night.
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Shown Their Work
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Shown Their Work: Some of the characters reminisce about their past roles or sing parts of solos from other shows. Yes, in real life, those characters did indeed originate those roles. Quoth IMDb, "Most modern recordings and performances of the Mikado's solo, 'A More Humane Mikado' feature a bloodthirsty laugh between the verses. This touch was added by Darrel Fancourt, a D'Oyly Carte performer from 1920-1953, and has been copied ever since - which is why the laugh is not performed by Richard Temple (Timothy Spall)."
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The following is a list of statements referring to the current page from other pages.

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Deliberate Values Dissonance / int_ce84f1d3
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Films of 1995–1999 / int_ce84f1d3
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Making the Masterpiece / int_ce84f1d3
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Our Nudity Is Different / int_ce84f1d3
 The River War
seeAlso
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Verbal Tic Name / int_ce84f1d3
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Victorian London / int_ce84f1d3
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Young Future Famous People / int_ce84f1d3