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Carmilla

 Carmilla
type
TVTItem
 Carmilla
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Carmilla
 Carmilla
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Carmilla
 Carmilla
comment
Written and published in 1872 by Irish author Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, this novella mixes authentic Middle- and Eastern European folklore and Gothic literature. It formed the last story of five in the collection In a Glass Darkly, but it has since often been published separately.Its heroine and narrator is Laura, an English girl who lives with her father and a few servants in a secluded Austrian schloss.note German for a castle or château. Laura is suffering deeply from loneliness, when a strange incident results in a mysterious girl — the beautiful Carmilla — becoming a guest at the schloss. In Carmilla, Laura finally finds the friend she has been looking for, but she is puzzled by Carmilla’s odd habits and her unwillingness to reveal her true identity.Soon, an unknown disease that only kills young women strikes the countryside, and Laura herself eventually falls ill as well — when by chance, a friend of the family shows up with a tale that leads to a horrifying revelation.Carmilla is a milestone in Vampire Fiction: It includes a Haunted Castle, the Überwald (actually Styria in Austria), and tells you that Your Vampires Suck (when Laura compares Carmilla to "fictitious" vampires). Subtly, the striking beauty of the eponymous character suggests that Vampires Are Sex Gods. Yes, all these tropes are Older Than Radio.Most notably though, the novella is the Trope Maker for the Lesbian Vampire. Carmilla’s unspeakable secret echoes the taboo status of homosexuality in Victorian society, and Carmilla’s unholy appetite also evokes a different kind of forbidden desire. And while the story never ever talks about sex, the subtext is so obvious that Carmilla (or rather, Le Fanu) can discuss homosexuality without actually naming it.This theme was prefigured and quite possibly inspired by Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem, Christabel. Scholars have noticed the similarities between Christabel and Laura, and also those between Coleridge's mysterious Geraldine and Le Fanu's Carmilla.The story has long been in the public domain, so feel free to check out the text or audiobook. It was recently adapted into an modern day Vlog Series similar to The Lizzie Bennet Diaries, featuring Laura and Carmilla as college roommates, the trope page for which can be found here. Another (loose) adaptation is the book and later film The Moth Diaries, to the point the originally story is directly referenced. A film version of the story, here set during the late 1700s, came out in 2019.
 Carmilla
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2023-09-09T22:01:41Z
 Carmilla
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2023-09-09T22:01:41Z
 Carmilla
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Dropped link to ByronicHeroine: Not a Feature - UNKNOWN
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ByronicHeroine
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DBTropes
 Carmilla / int_1073963d
type
Psychosexual Horror
 Carmilla / int_1073963d
comment
Psychosexual Horror: This is the book that introduced the Lesbian Vampire to the world, Carmilla is in love with Laura but is also slowly draining her life away. In an effort to spare Laura for a time, Carmilla drains several of the local village girls.
 Carmilla / int_1073963d
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Carmilla / int_1073963d
 Carmilla / int_13992073
type
Rasputinian Death
 Carmilla / int_13992073
comment
Rasputinian Death: According to the local vampire expert, the following must be done to prevent a vampire's resurrection: first they have to be impaled, then decapitated, burned, and then have their ashes thrown into a river. This is Carmilla's ultimate fate.
 Carmilla / int_13992073
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Carmilla / int_13992073
 Carmilla / int_1869b4b1
type
Unreliable Narrator
 Carmilla / int_1869b4b1
comment
Unreliable Narrator: In the opening chapter, Laura emphasizes how very lonely and "solitary" the schloss is, describing it as situated in the middle of an extensive forest, and at seven miles distance from the nearest village, thus giving the impression that the schloss is the only human habitation for miles around. But over the course of her narration it becomes clear that there are people living in the surrounding area, some of them close by, as is shown by Laura and Carmilla watching a funeral procession passing by only a short walk from the schloss, and her father visiting a sick peasant "only a mile away"; indeed the "small estate" linked to the schloss implies the presence of tenants who work on the estate. Laura perceives the schloss as impossibly remote and "lonely" because she is almost entirely isolated from the people who live in the vicinity (like peasants, woodcutters, and forest rangers) by distinctions of class, and possibly also religion.note Austria used to be overwhelmingly Catholic, Laura and her English father may well be Anglican Protestants. Played with. After describing Carmilla's private displays of affection to her (like embracing her, kissing her cheek, and whispering confessions of love in her ear), Laura (relating the story ten years after the fact) emphasizes that Carmilla's behavior and words were incomprehensible and embarrassing to her, and that she wished to extricate herself from Carmilla's "foolish embraces", though at the same time she somehow lacked the power to resist them. She also says that at these occasions she felt "a strange tumultuous excitement", and also that, after such a long time, she only has a "confused [...] recollection of certain occurrences and situations". This lack of remembrance she justifies with the conjecture that "in all lives there are certain emotional scenes, those in which our passions have been most vividly and terribly roused, that are of all others the most vaguely and dimly remembered", which doesn't quite explain why Laura's "passions" are so "terribly roused" by Carmilla's embraces. In the same passage Laura also says that she was "conscious of a love growing into adoration", an ambiguous expression that could refer to both Carmilla's love for Laura, but also Laura's love for Carmilla. Taking furthermore into account that the words "excitement" and "passion" both also have a sexual sense, it cannot be ruled out that Laura uses ambiguous language and a feigned lack of recollection to conceal that she was sexually aroused by Carmilla, and that the "occurrences" between Carmilla and Laura did not stop at embraces and kisses on the cheek.
 Carmilla / int_1869b4b1
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Carmilla / int_1869b4b1
 Carmilla / int_251bbe0e
type
Genre Blindness
 Carmilla / int_251bbe0e
comment
Genre Blindness: To some extent, Laura can be forgiven her naïveté — she lives in a time when the vampire genre barely existed, and folklore was still very regional. Still, she seems overly willing to give Carmilla the benefit of the doubt even as her behaviour grows increasingly suspicious: showing fear and hatred towards religious symbols and ceremonies, disappearing from her room every morning and returning in the late afternoon — even after Laura herself turns up with bite marks on her chest, it never occurs to her that the odd stranger in her house whose appearance coincided exactly with her disturbing dreams and sickness might be to blame.
 Carmilla / int_251bbe0e
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Carmilla / int_251bbe0e
 Carmilla / int_2848e7d2
type
Oblivious to Love
 Carmilla / int_2848e7d2
comment
Oblivious to Love: Laura seems not to notice that Carmilla's feelings are deeper than friendship, even when she says that she loves her. She does, however, express discomfort with Carmilla's wilder utterances, perhaps indicating an awareness that she doesn't want to acknowledge. Other alternatives are that she acts oblivious to mask her fear of Carmilla's passion (and deny her own?), or because she is telling this story to a man, Dr. Hesselius, who she believes would judge her harshly.
 Carmilla / int_2848e7d2
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Carmilla / int_2848e7d2
 Carmilla / int_2a8a7ea6
type
Bury Your Gays
 Carmilla / int_2a8a7ea6
comment
Bury Your Gays: Of course at the end of the story the lesbian vampire dies, out of necessity as part of the lesbian vampire thing.
 Carmilla / int_2a8a7ea6
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 Carmilla / int_2a8a7ea6
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Carmilla / int_2a8a7ea6
 Carmilla / int_2c9ef8f7
type
Combo Platter Powers
 Carmilla / int_2c9ef8f7
comment
Combo Platter Powers: Carmilla has supernatural strength and speed, can evaporate into thin air, appears to be able to pass through doors without opening them, and can transform into a monstrous cat.
 Carmilla / int_2c9ef8f7
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 Carmilla / int_2c9ef8f7
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Carmilla / int_2c9ef8f7
 Carmilla / int_2cac89cf
type
The Ingenue
 Carmilla / int_2cac89cf
comment
The Ingenue: Due to her isolated upbringing, Laura is very naive and tends to believe the best in people, even when her instinct tells her otherwise. For example, after the carriage accident, she felt that Carmilla's mother was putting on a show but brushed it off as being just her theatrical personality.
 Carmilla / int_2cac89cf
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 Carmilla / int_2cac89cf
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Carmilla / int_2cac89cf
 Carmilla / int_312b02ac
type
Lipstick Lesbian
 Carmilla / int_312b02ac
comment
Lipstick Lesbian: In an aside explaining why she doesn't think Carmilla is a man dressed as a woman to woo her, Laura says that despite Carmilla's "passionate declarations," her habits and mannerisms are female, and contain nothing indicating masculinity.
 Carmilla / int_312b02ac
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Carmilla / int_312b02ac
 Carmilla / int_3e06b5c7
type
Your Vampires Suck
 Carmilla / int_3e06b5c7
comment
Your Vampires Suck: In the last chapter, Laura recounts some of the vampire lore she learned through Baron Vordenburg and mentions that the "deadly pallor" sometimes attributed to vampires is "a mere melodramatic fiction". This is likely a swipe at Varney the Vampire (1845-47), in which the titular vampire is often described as unnaturally pale.
 Carmilla / int_3e06b5c7
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Carmilla / int_3e06b5c7
 Carmilla / int_3fb4b1cb
type
The Renfield
 Carmilla / int_3fb4b1cb
comment
Who was the tall, pale man in black who took Carmilla's mother away from the masquerade? If all these were vampires, why is the threat thought to be at an end, when only Carmilla has been destroyed? Although it's possible they were merely human accomplices.
 Carmilla / int_3fb4b1cb
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Carmilla / int_3fb4b1cb
 Carmilla / int_40c57041
type
Manipulative Bastard
 Carmilla / int_40c57041
comment
Manipulative Bastard: Carmilla and her accomplices. She manipulates various noblemen to host her for free in their castles, and preys on their daughters or wards. She also manipulates her victims into trusting her. In one instance, she even encourages Laura to purchase an ineffective anti-vampire charm in order to lull her into a false sense of security.
 Carmilla / int_40c57041
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Carmilla / int_40c57041
 Carmilla / int_42f85f99
type
Shared Dream
 Carmilla / int_42f85f99
comment
Shared Dream: Laura and the title character recognize each other from a shared dream in their childhoods upon first encountering each other. It later turns out, however, that Carmilla is a vampire who used her powers of suggestion on Laura in order to make her remember a dream she's never had and thus to get into her confidence.
 Carmilla / int_42f85f99
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Carmilla / int_42f85f99
 Carmilla / int_455f6a91
type
Long-Lost Relative
 Carmilla / int_455f6a91
comment
Long-Lost Relative: Carmilla is actually distantly related to Laura, since the latter's mother is said to be a maternal descendant of the Karnsteins. What role this plays in Carmilla's attraction to Laura is ambiguous.
 Carmilla / int_455f6a91
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 Carmilla / int_455f6a91
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Carmilla / int_455f6a91
 Carmilla / int_45a387bc
type
Light Feminine and Dark Feminine
 Carmilla / int_45a387bc
comment
Light Feminine and Dark Feminine: Laura and Carmilla. Laura is a fair-haired innocent and child-like young woman, while Carmilla is a dark-haired sophisticated, worldly and seductive Femme Fatale. And essentially a serial killer.
 Carmilla / int_45a387bc
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Carmilla / int_45a387bc
 Carmilla / int_4814d132
type
Big Fancy House
 Carmilla / int_4814d132
comment
Big Fancy House: The schloss where Laura lives. One floor alone has about twenty-five rooms.
 Carmilla / int_4814d132
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1.0
 Carmilla / int_4814d132
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Carmilla / int_4814d132
 Carmilla / int_4881cda1
type
Ãœberwald
 Carmilla / int_4881cda1
comment
Überwald: Styria lies a bit further west than conventional Überwald (it was a duchy in Austria in the 19th century, and is today divided between Austria and Slovenia), but otherwise it fits the trope: complete with Gothic ruins, a Haunted Castle, Lesbian Vampire and superstitious peasants.
 Carmilla / int_4881cda1
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Carmilla / int_4881cda1
 Carmilla / int_4b316d47
type
Break the Cutie
 Carmilla / int_4b316d47
comment
Break the Cutie: Laura is traumatized by her experience, and even many years later, thinks about Carmilla and startles when she imagines Carmilla might enter her drawing-room.
 Carmilla / int_4b316d47
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 Carmilla / int_4b316d47
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 Carmilla
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Carmilla / int_4b316d47
 Carmilla / int_4b8932a4
type
Stalking Is Love
 Carmilla / int_4b8932a4
comment
Stalking Is Love: In Carmilla's head. She says: "You will think me cruel, very selfish, but love is always selfish; the more ardent the more selfish. How jealous I am you cannot know. You must come with me, loving me, to death; or else hate me and still come with me, and hating me through death and after. There is no such word as indifference in my apathetic nature."
 Carmilla / int_4b8932a4
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Carmilla / int_4b8932a4
 Carmilla / int_525df529
type
Not Using the "Z" Word
 Carmilla / int_525df529
comment
Not Using the "Z" Word: The word "vampire" is not used up to chapter 13 (of 16), when it is used by the woodman who relates how the village of Karnstein came to be deserted. Before that, there is only ominous talk of the "oupire", the equivalent of vampire in the North-Slavic languages.
 Carmilla / int_525df529
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 Carmilla / int_525df529
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 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_525df529
 Carmilla / int_52db461d
type
Significant Anagram
 Carmilla / int_52db461d
comment
Significant Anagram: Carmilla apparently creates new aliases for herself by anagramming her original name Mircalla; a previous victim knew her as "Millarca."
 Carmilla / int_52db461d
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 Carmilla / int_52db461d
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Carmilla / int_52db461d
 Carmilla / int_5401e7ac
type
Daywalking Vampire
 Carmilla / int_5401e7ac
comment
Daywalking Vampire: Carmilla is not hurt by sunlight, although even going for a short walk will exhaust her physically. However, she does appear to be more powerful at night.
 Carmilla / int_5401e7ac
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1.0
 Carmilla / int_5401e7ac
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 Carmilla
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Carmilla / int_5401e7ac
 Carmilla / int_563a542f
type
Eating Optional
 Carmilla / int_563a542f
comment
Eating Optional: Carmilla drinks wine and hot chocolate on several occasions, although she is never mentioned to eat anything.
 Carmilla / int_563a542f
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1.0
 Carmilla / int_563a542f
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Carmilla / int_563a542f
 Carmilla / int_58e43f17
type
Cats Are Mean
 Carmilla / int_58e43f17
comment
Cats Are Mean: Carmilla can assume the shape of a monstrous cat. This makes her an interesting counterpart to the more famous Dracula, who could take the form of a dog or wolf.
 Carmilla / int_58e43f17
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 Carmilla / int_58e43f17
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Carmilla / int_58e43f17
 Carmilla / int_5bc1ce14
type
Author Vocabulary Calendar
 Carmilla / int_5bc1ce14
comment
Author Vocabulary Calendar: Le Fanu (or is it Laura?) sure uses the words "languid" and "languor" an awful lot.
 Carmilla / int_5bc1ce14
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 Carmilla / int_5bc1ce14
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Carmilla / int_5bc1ce14
 Carmilla / int_63004c52
type
Claimed by the Supernatural
 Carmilla / int_63004c52
comment
Claimed by the Supernatural: Laura seems to inspire an undeniable fascination in Carmilla.
 Carmilla / int_63004c52
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 Carmilla
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Carmilla / int_63004c52
 Carmilla / int_64ebbed6
type
Appeal to Nature
 Carmilla / int_64ebbed6
comment
Appeal to Nature: When Laura's father brings news of another peasant woman falling sick from the mysterious disease and tries to reassure Laura and Carmilla by asserting that even the disease must be within God's will, Carmilla in constrast puts forth her belief that the disease is natural, and that "all things in the heaven, in the earth, and under the earth act and live as Nature ordains". As it is strongly implied the disease of the peasant woman is caused by Carmilla feeding on her, Carmilla is transparently justifying her vampiric predation as a part of the natural order of things.
 Carmilla / int_64ebbed6
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 Carmilla
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Carmilla / int_64ebbed6
 Carmilla / int_66dfe36a
type
Missing Mom
 Carmilla / int_66dfe36a
comment
Missing Mom: Laura's mother died from an unspecified cause when Laura was an infant. Laura shares the loss of a mother with other victims of Carmilla: Bertha Rheinfeldt is implied to be an orphan; the coffin of the forester's daughter whose funeral Laura and Carmilla watch is followed by her father only; and the ailing young peasant woman Laura's father tells about lives with her brother, implying her parents are no longer alive.
 Carmilla / int_66dfe36a
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Carmilla / int_66dfe36a
 Carmilla / int_6f271c2e
type
Fangs Are Evil
 Carmilla / int_6f271c2e
comment
When a mountebank who is selling charms remarks, in good will but with little tact, on Carmilla's pointed teeth, she flies into a rage and declares "My father would have had the wretch tied up to the pump, and flogged with a cart whip, and burnt to the bones with the cattle brand!"
 Carmilla / int_6f271c2e
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Carmilla / int_6f271c2e
 Carmilla / int_6fb07cc4
type
Science Is Wrong
 Carmilla / int_6fb07cc4
comment
Science Is Wrong: Laura's father thinks that the deaths in the region are caused by an epidemic or plague, and he is skeptical of the peasant superstitions proposing alternate explanations. What he does not realize is that the deaths really do have a supernatural cause, the peasants are right, and the killer is his guest.
 Carmilla / int_6fb07cc4
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Carmilla / int_6fb07cc4
 Carmilla / int_7301ae04
type
Serial Killer
 Carmilla / int_7301ae04
comment
Serial Killer: Carmilla moves around through Styria and leaves a large number of bodies behind her. Theoretically, she could only feed once on a victim and leave her alive, but she seems perfectly content to drain them until death.
 Carmilla / int_7301ae04
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Carmilla / int_7301ae04
 Carmilla / int_76e24530
type
Delicate and Sickly
 Carmilla / int_76e24530
comment
Delicate and Sickly: When Carmilla shows up, she is sickly and weak; this only seems to enhance her attractiveness, and a lot of her quirks are forgiven on this basis.
 Carmilla / int_76e24530
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Carmilla / int_76e24530
 Carmilla / int_78d103c3
type
Exposition of Immortality
 Carmilla / int_78d103c3
comment
Exposition of Immortality: Among the old paintings which Laura's mother inherited from her family is a portrait, dated 1698, of Countess Mircalla Karnstein, who Laura recognizes is the spitting image of Carmilla. While Laura is astounded by the perfect resemblance of Carmilla to the portrait, her father, though taking note of the similarity, chalks it up to coincidence.
 Carmilla / int_78d103c3
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Carmilla / int_78d103c3
 Carmilla / int_7ef728b1
type
Tsundere
 Carmilla / int_7ef728b1
comment
Tsundere: Laura to Carmilla. She admits that she feels pleasure in Carmilla's arms, but also disgust.
 Carmilla / int_7ef728b1
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 Carmilla / int_7ef728b1
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 Carmilla
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Carmilla / int_7ef728b1
 Carmilla / int_80b5924
type
Left Hanging
 Carmilla / int_80b5924
comment
Left Hanging: What happened to the lady in black velvet, believed to be Carmilla's mother? Who was the old ugly woman that never left the coach that brought Carmilla? Who (or what) were the repulsive-looking servants that handled the coach? Who was the tall, pale man in black who took Carmilla's mother away from the masquerade? If all these were vampires, why is the threat thought to be at an end, when only Carmilla has been destroyed? Although it's possible they were merely human accomplices. Did Bertha and Laura come back as vampires?
 Carmilla / int_80b5924
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Carmilla / int_80b5924
 Carmilla / int_86e58ce9
type
No Time to Explain
 Carmilla / int_86e58ce9
comment
No Time to Explain: Laura's father tells her not to ask questions after the doctor has told him of the possibility that a vampire is responsible for her illness.
 Carmilla / int_86e58ce9
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Carmilla / int_86e58ce9
 Carmilla / int_88c6e936
type
Masquerade Ball
 Carmilla / int_88c6e936
comment
Masquerade Ball: General Spielsdorf and his young ward first meet Millarca (one of Carmilla's aliases) and her mother at a masquerade ball. The mother acts as if she's an old friend of the general's, but to his frustration refuses to remove her mask or divulge her identity. During the party, the general agrees to host Millarca while her mother is out travelling.
 Carmilla / int_88c6e936
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Carmilla / int_88c6e936
 Carmilla / int_894f9af7
type
Lazy Alias
 Carmilla / int_894f9af7
comment
Lazy Alias: Carmilla seems fond of using transparent anagrams of her name as aliases. Her real name is Mircalla, and General Spielsdorf knows her as Millarca. Laura speculates that this behaviour may be part of her vampiric nature.
 Carmilla / int_894f9af7
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 Carmilla / int_894f9af7
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Carmilla / int_894f9af7
 Carmilla / int_90b66e22
type
Femme Fatale
 Carmilla / int_90b66e22
comment
Femme Fatale: Carmilla. A gorgeous and seductive young woman, she uses all tools in her feminine arsenal to charm everyone around her, especially her intended victims.
 Carmilla / int_90b66e22
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 Carmilla / int_90b66e22
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Carmilla / int_90b66e22
 Carmilla / int_953c910f
type
Undead Barefooter
 Carmilla / int_953c910f
comment
Undead Barefooter: The novella's stage adaptation uses bare feet as a visual indication of vampirism.
 Carmilla / int_953c910f
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 Carmilla / int_953c910f
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hasFeature
Carmilla / int_953c910f
 Carmilla / int_96144372
type
Aristocrats Are Evil
 Carmilla / int_96144372
comment
Aristocrats Are Evil: When a mountebank who is selling charms remarks, in good will but with little tact, on Carmilla's pointed teeth, she flies into a rage and declares "My father would have had the wretch tied up to the pump, and flogged with a cart whip, and burnt to the bones with the cattle brand!" Carmilla reacts with contempt towards Laura's empathy for a peasant girl who died of the mysterious illness (that is to say, a vampire feeding on her), stating that she doesn't "trouble her head about peasants." This remark becomes even more callous when it is revealed that it is Carmilla who had been feeding on her.
 Carmilla / int_96144372
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_96144372
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_96144372
 Carmilla / int_97cf7f86
type
Vampire Hickey
 Carmilla / int_97cf7f86
comment
Vampire Hickey: The doctor who examines Laura because of her deteriorating health is certain that she is being visited by a vampire when he discovers "a small blue spot, about the size of the tip of [a] little finger" on her upper chest, only a "little below [the] throat". Later we are told that a different doctor found a like "small livid mark" in the same spot on Bertha Rheinfeldt before she died. While these blue spots mark the points where the victim has been bitten by the vampire, the actual punctures left by the vampire's teeth are so small as to be almost invisible. Laura also one time mentions off-handedly that Carmilla has a "little mole on her throat"; it seems possible that the "mole" is actually the mark left by the vampire who killed her.
 Carmilla / int_97cf7f86
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_97cf7f86
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_97cf7f86
 Carmilla / int_987dbb69
type
Vampire Hunter
 Carmilla / int_987dbb69
comment
Vampire Hunter: Baron Vordenburg is likely the Trope Maker. He is an eccentric old nobleman who has devoted his life to the study of the lore of vampires and the tracking down and extermination of them. He also has family history with Carmilla: his ancestor was an admirer of Countess Mircalla during her life and did some research about what became of her. The Count doesn't physically track down Mircalla's grave (that is done by Laura's father and the General) and only appears after the grave has been located, but he has assisted with information throughout the hunt.
 Carmilla / int_987dbb69
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_987dbb69
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_987dbb69
 Carmilla / int_9c209a57
type
The Hecate Sisters
 Carmilla / int_9c209a57
comment
The Hecate Sisters: The carriage which crashes in front of the schloss contains Carmilla, first described as a "young lady" resp. a "slender girl", and a middle-aged lady in a black velvet dress who claims to be Carmilla's mother and who is described as "tall but not thin" and having a "commanding air and figure"; only the governess, Mademoiselle De Lafontaine, observes a third person looking out of the window but not leaving the carriage, and whom she describes as a "hideous black woman" with "gleaming eyes and large white eyeballs", and who is "nodding and grinning derisively". We never find out who Carmilla's companions really are, but together the three fulfill the "maiden, matron, hag" triad.
 Carmilla / int_9c209a57
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_9c209a57
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_9c209a57
 Carmilla / int_9d12bbc1
type
Foreshadowing
 Carmilla / int_9d12bbc1
comment
Foreshadowing: The evening Carmilla is taken in at the schloss, Laura, her father and her two governesses go for a walk in the moonlight, and Madame De Lafontaine opines that the intense moonlight indicates "a special spiritual activity", and underpins her claim by remarking that the windows of the schloss reflect the moonlight "as if unseen hands had lighted up the rooms to receive fairy guests". She also tells a story of how her cousin on a moonlit night dreamt of "an old woman clawing him by the cheek", and woke up with "his features horribly drawn to one side" and "never quite recover[ing their] equilibrium." Moments after, a troupe of (so we must assume) vampires stages a carriage crash in front of the schloss (vampires are ghosts, i.e. spirits, hence "a special spiritual activity"); Carmilla is taken in at the schloss (a "fairy guest" received); and finally Laura is attacked (physically and figuratively) by Carmilla, and, like the cousin's face, never recovers her former balance again.
 Carmilla / int_9d12bbc1
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_9d12bbc1
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_9d12bbc1
 Carmilla / int_9f63d4f1
type
Our Vampires Are Different
 Carmilla / int_9f63d4f1
comment
Our Vampires Are Different: Le Fanu's vampire facts: Can walk around in daylight, but are "languid" and quickly exhausted physically (not mentally), and appear to be much more powerful during the night. They are able to shapeshift, pass through closed doors, and move too quickly for the human eye to follow. They possibly can even turn invisible or dematerialize. The grip of their hands is unnaturally strong and can cause human limbs to grow stiff. Moonlight, especially, enhances their powers. They have to return to their grave at least for some hours every day and are unable to relocate their own gravesite on their own account, making their activities somewhat territorially restricted. Other than some special long, thin, pointy teeth that are hard to notice, they appear indistinguishable from living human beings, and have a faint pulse and respiration even in their dormant state. They suck blood only from sleeping victims. They may kill a victim in a single night, but usually return to the same person for a few days up to (rarely) several weeks. If not hindered, they always continue their visits until the victim dies, causing the victim to become a vampire themselves. Vampires are not peculiarly pale — on the contrary Carmilla is admired for her beautiful, brilliant, rosy complexion ... especially when she has fed on blood the previous night.
 Carmilla / int_9f63d4f1
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_9f63d4f1
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_9f63d4f1
 Carmilla / int_a058376e
type
Pseudo-Romantic Friendship
 Carmilla / int_a058376e
comment
Pseudo-Romantic Friendship: Played with. Carmilla is very affectionate towards Laura, telling her how much she loves her and that she wants them to be together forever. Laura sees Carmilla as a dear friend, and has no sexual attraction to her, and initially she believes that the same holds true for Carmilla, and that she's just using pseudo-romantic language to express her friendship (as was, indeed, common at the time). Laura soon senses something deeper in Carmilla's affections, though (whether sexual or predatory), which is worrying and somewhat repulsive to Laura.
 Carmilla / int_a058376e
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_a058376e
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_a058376e
 Carmilla / int_a1b141f4
type
My God, What Have I Done?
 Carmilla / int_a1b141f4
comment
My God, What Have I Done?: A nobleman from Upper Styria, who had been deeply in love with Carmilla when she was still alive, hid all traces of her tomb after she died because "he conceived a horror, be she what she might, of her remains being profaned by the outrage of a posthumous execution." When he grew old, he realized that he had made a terrible mistake, and left behind tracings and drawings which would eventually be used to find Carmilla's grave and put an end to her.
 Carmilla / int_a1b141f4
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_a1b141f4
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_a1b141f4
 Carmilla / int_a2e887be
type
Secondary Character Title
 Carmilla / int_a2e887be
comment
Secondary Character Title: Carmilla is not the protagonist, but the story is named after her.
 Carmilla / int_a2e887be
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_a2e887be
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_a2e887be
 Carmilla / int_a7016efe
type
Lonely Rich Kid
 Carmilla / int_a7016efe
comment
Lonely Rich Kid: Due to so rarely having company of her own age, Laura eagerly accepts that of Carmilla. The "rich" bit is somewhat downplayed, though: while Laura clearly belongs to the upper layers of society and lives in a Big Fancy House, her family can only afford it due to the low cost of living in Styria.
 Carmilla / int_a7016efe
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_a7016efe
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_a7016efe
 Carmilla / int_ad66049e
type
Inspiration Nod
 Carmilla / int_ad66049e
comment
Inspiration Nod: In the last chapter, Laura names several of the books in Baron Vordenburg's vampire library, one of them being Phlegon de Mirabilibus. The book thus referenced, the Book of Wonders by Phlegon of Tralles (2nd century CE), contains the story of Philinnion, about a beautiful young woman who dies young and returns as an undead in order to satisfy her erotic desire for a living target.
 Carmilla / int_ad66049e
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_ad66049e
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_ad66049e
 Carmilla / int_b1346878
type
Fate Worse than Death
 Carmilla / int_b1346878
comment
Fate Worse than Death: The Styrian nobleman who was in love with Carmilla when she was still alive believed that if she would be killed as a vampire, she would suffer one of those, although he never elaborated on what that meant. It was one of the reasons why he hid her tomb.
 Carmilla / int_b1346878
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_b1346878
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_b1346878
 Carmilla / int_b506c9ff
type
Hide Your Lesbians
 Carmilla / int_b506c9ff
comment
Hide Your Lesbians: The facts that Carmilla obviously only stalks women, preferably girls of her own age, and is eager to form a romantic relationship with Laura (instead of finishing her off within days, as she does with her other victims), are superficially glossed over as just a peculiar manifestation of vampiric bloodlust. Carmilla is never stated to be lesbiannote ... which would have been scandalous in 1872 Victorian Britain, of course, and which might be justified insofar as she only seeks to quench her thirst for blood, not seek satisfaction for sexual desires. However, the erotic subtext is pretty explicit (and most readers seem to take Carmilla's homosexuality as a given).
 Carmilla / int_b506c9ff
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_b506c9ff
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_b506c9ff
 Carmilla / int_b91eaeea
type
Must Be Invited
 Carmilla / int_b91eaeea
comment
Must Be Invited: Subverted in that Carmilla's desire for an invitation doesn't seem to stem from any particular restriction but from a desire to live legitimately with her next victim and nurture a relationship with her.
 Carmilla / int_b91eaeea
featureApplicability
-0.3
 Carmilla / int_b91eaeea
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_b91eaeea
 Carmilla / int_bd2de2d7
type
Kiss of the Vampire
 Carmilla / int_bd2de2d7
comment
Kiss of the Vampire: Laura (who is not aware that she is being fed on by a vampire) perceives Carmilla's bites in a semi-conscious state as "a hand [...] drawn softly along my cheek and neck", followed by a feeling "as if warm lips kissed me, and longer and more lovingly as they reached my throat, but there the caress fixed itself". Despite Carmilla's apparent wish to make her bite painless, maybe even pleasurable to Laura, this is not truly successful; the actual bite (which is not felt by Laura) induces physical reactions that are evocative of orgasm ("my heart beat faster, my breathing rose and fell rapidly and fully drawn"), only to pass over into "a sense of strangulation", a "dreadful convulsion", and loss of consciousness.
 Carmilla / int_bd2de2d7
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_bd2de2d7
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_bd2de2d7
 Carmilla / int_bf780240
type
Boy Meets Ghoul
 Carmilla / int_bf780240
comment
Boy Meets Ghoul: Laura is captivated by Carmilla. While she thinks of Carmilla as a friend, without any apparent eroticism, Carmilla declares several times that she is in love with Laura.
 Carmilla / int_bf780240
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_bf780240
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_bf780240
 Carmilla / int_c335b9ec
type
Irony
 Carmilla / int_c335b9ec
comment
Irony: The mountebank sells anti-vampire charms to Carmilla, the very vampire responsible for the malady plaguing Styria. She buys it immediately, and gushes to Laura about how well it supposedly works. This serves to lure Laura into a false sense of security.
 Carmilla / int_c335b9ec
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_c335b9ec
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_c335b9ec
 Carmilla / int_c5821f0e
type
Ghostly Glide
 Carmilla / int_c5821f0e
comment
Ghostly Glide: The first night that Carmilla enters Laura's bedroom at night, Laura wakes up and sees "a female figure" standing at the foot of her bed. Though the figure stands perfectly still, she seems nevertheless to change its place and move out by the door.
 Carmilla / int_c5821f0e
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_c5821f0e
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_c5821f0e
 Carmilla / int_c9a71d47
type
Innocence Lost
 Carmilla / int_c9a71d47
comment
Innocence Lost: At the end of the book, it is clear that Laura never really recovered from her experience. [..] and to this hour the image of Carmilla returns to memory with ambiguous alternations—sometimes the playful, languid, beautiful girl; sometimes the writhing fiend I saw in the ruined church; and often from a reverie I have started, fancying I heard the light step of Carmilla at the drawing room door.
 Carmilla / int_c9a71d47
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_c9a71d47
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_c9a71d47
 Carmilla / int_cde51255
type
Antagonist Title
 Carmilla / int_cde51255
comment
Antagonist Title: One more thing Carmilla did decades before Dracula.
 Carmilla / int_cde51255
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_cde51255
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_cde51255
 Carmilla / int_cf92fea8
type
Cassandra Truth
 Carmilla / int_cf92fea8
comment
Cassandra Truth: The peasants claim that the disease in the region is caused by oupire attacks, but initially Laura's father refuses to believe them.
 Carmilla / int_cf92fea8
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_cf92fea8
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_cf92fea8
 Carmilla / int_d1c8f2b3
type
Vampires Are Sex Gods
 Carmilla / int_d1c8f2b3
comment
Vampires Are Sex Gods: Although there is no actual sex in the story, everyone is smitten by Carmilla's beauty and charm (well, until The Reveal). Also, her "mum" is definitely a looker.
 Carmilla / int_d1c8f2b3
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_d1c8f2b3
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_d1c8f2b3
 Carmilla / int_d3a4af1e
type
Sympathy for the Devil
 Carmilla / int_d3a4af1e
comment
Sympathy for the Devil: Laura still nourishes some affection for Carmilla, even after it has been revealed that Carmilla is a vampire who is not only responsible for the death of many people, but also wants to kill Laura. It is not clear whether this is a true remainder of their friendship or just an effect of the vampire's power over her victims.
 Carmilla / int_d3a4af1e
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_d3a4af1e
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_d3a4af1e
 Carmilla / int_defd0c58
type
A Taste of Their Own Medicine
 Carmilla / int_defd0c58
comment
A Taste of Their Own Medicine: Carmilla preys on her victims while they are asleep and helpless. She herself is helpless and asleep when the vampire hunters find her in her tomb and execute her.
 Carmilla / int_defd0c58
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_defd0c58
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_defd0c58
 Carmilla / int_e03533c8
type
Blood Bath
 Carmilla / int_e03533c8
comment
Blood Bath (evoked): When the grave of Mircalla Karnstein is opened, her body is found in a leaden coffin perfectly uncorrupted, and floating in seven inches of blood.
 Carmilla / int_e03533c8
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_e03533c8
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_e03533c8
 Carmilla / int_e28f88b8
type
Last-Name Basis
 Carmilla / int_e28f88b8
comment
Last-Name Basis: General Spielsdorf, Madame Perrodon, Mademoiselle LaFontaine and Baron Vordenburg. This is of course normal for the period.
 Carmilla / int_e28f88b8
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_e28f88b8
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_e28f88b8
 Carmilla / int_e61e246b
type
Blood Countess
 Carmilla / int_e61e246b
comment
Blood Countess: Carmilla's real name is Countess Mircalla Karstein and it is revealed that she is an actual vampire, and that she has been killing random women for a very long time. Her obsession with Laura only indicates this trope further. Carmilla was most likely another inspiration for the trope, and she's also an Expy in a ton others.
 Carmilla / int_e61e246b
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_e61e246b
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_e61e246b
 Carmilla / int_e8b0f099
type
Dark Is Evil
 Carmilla / int_e8b0f099
comment
Dark Is Evil: Carmilla's mother wears black velvet in the chariot scene, Carmilla is described by Laura as having black eyes and dark hair with "something golden". Also, Carmilla can assume the shape of a black cat.
 Carmilla / int_e8b0f099
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_e8b0f099
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_e8b0f099
 Carmilla / int_ea8ba51d
type
No Full Name Given
 Carmilla / int_ea8ba51d
comment
No Full Name Given: That Laura is on First-Name Basis with her friend Carmilla is not surprising. It seems a bit unusual, though, that nobody else uses her full name either, until the reveal at the end of her true name and title, Countess Mircalla Karnstein.
 Carmilla / int_ea8ba51d
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_ea8ba51d
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_ea8ba51d
 Carmilla / int_f01a54f1
type
Evil Feels Good
 Carmilla / int_f01a54f1
comment
Evil Feels Good: Carmilla, although she did not become a vampire of her own free will, obviously fully embraced her vampiric existence. She is, however, not totally without moral reflection, as she tries on several occasions to justify or rationalize her behavior. (Naturally, nobody gets it.) Some of her strange fits of agitation could even be the effect of feelings of guilt.
 Carmilla / int_f01a54f1
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_f01a54f1
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_f01a54f1
 Carmilla / int_f6624c30
type
Together in Death
 Carmilla / int_f6624c30
comment
Together in Death: Carmilla frequently says things like "But to die as lovers may — to die together, so that they may live together" to Laura. Laura first thinks of this as hyperbolic expressions of their Pseudo-Romantic Friendship, but as Carmilla's true nature is revealed, it seems that this was her literal plan for Laura. Unlike some of her other victims, which she just discarded and let die, Carmilla wants to kill Laura so they can stay together, probably raising her as a vampire.
 Carmilla / int_f6624c30
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_f6624c30
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_f6624c30
 Carmilla / int_f909b185
type
Lesbian Vampire
 Carmilla / int_f909b185
comment
Lesbian Vampire: Trope Maker, if not Trope Codifier. Note that the novella never makes it clear whether Carmilla's attraction to Laura is erotic in nature ... or gastronomical. The ambiguity, however, is quite unambiguous.
 Carmilla / int_f909b185
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_f909b185
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_f909b185
 Carmilla / int_ff6ae1f6
type
Evil-Detecting Dog
 Carmilla / int_ff6ae1f6
comment
Evil-Detecting Dog: The mountebank's dog will not cross the drawbridge into the courtyard of the schloss, and howls continually while the mountebank converses with Laura and Carmilla. For added irony, the mountebank is eager to sell his vampire-repellent charms, but scolds his dog for howling.
 Carmilla / int_ff6ae1f6
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_ff6ae1f6
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_ff6ae1f6
 Carmilla / int_ff7e9adf
type
Hair of Gold, Heart of Gold
 Carmilla / int_ff7e9adf
comment
Hair of Gold, Heart of Gold: Laura is portrayed as a sweet and innocent but naive and inexperienced young woman. Her golden hair and Innocent Blue Eyes are used to emphasize this characterization.
 Carmilla / int_ff7e9adf
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_ff7e9adf
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_ff7e9adf
 Carmilla / int_name
type
ItemName
 Carmilla / int_name
comment
 Carmilla / int_name
featureApplicability
1.0
 Carmilla / int_name
featureConfidence
1.0
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Carmilla / int_name
 Carmilla / int_name
itemName
Carmilla

The following is a list of statements referring to the current page from other pages.

 Carmilla
hasFeature
All-Natural Snake Oil / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Amulet of Dependency / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Antagonist Title / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Appeal to Nature / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Blood Bath / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Blood Countess / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Boy Meets Ghoul / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Burn the Undead / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
seeAlso
Carmilla
 Carmilla
hasFeature
"Darkness von Gothick" Name / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Daywalking Vampire / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Evil Desires Innocence / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Exposition of Immortality / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Feigned Trope / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Ghostly Glide / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Hemo Erotic / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Hide Your Lesbians / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Inspiration Nod / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Journey to the Center of the Mind / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Kiss of the Vampire / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Lazy Alias / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Lesbian Vampire / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Must Be Invited / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Not His Blood / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Not Using the "Z" Word / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Novella / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Pseudo-Romantic Friendship / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Psycho Lesbian / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Psychosexual Horror / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Public Domain Character / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Removing the Head or Destroying the Brain / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Shared Dream / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Signature Line / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Skeptic No Longer / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
The Hecate Sisters / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Ãœberwald / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Unbuilt Trope / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Undead Barefooter / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Vampire Hickey / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Vampire Hunter / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Why I Suck Blood / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
You Sexy Beast / int_65a21d7e
 Carmilla
hasFeature
Your Vampires Suck / int_65a21d7e