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Ad Hominem
- 53 statements
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Refuting an argument by attacking some aspect of the person making it, rather than addressing the content of the argument itself. It can consist of an attack on the person making the argument; the source of their information; their circumstances; their previous position; or a discrepancy between their actions and their argument. Ad hominem is very often mistakenly claimed in cases where an argument's opponent attacks its proponent in addition to presenting a valid counterargument. "You're stupid, therefore your argument is invalid" is an ad hominem; "your argument is invalid, therefore you're stupid" (or "Your argument is invalid and you're stupid") isn't this fallacy, only rude. Similarly, some people seem to think that Ad Hominem is necessarily abusive, which it isn't. "You've used the 'Four Terms' fallacy, you stupid idiot, therefore you're using faulty logic" is not Ad Hominem (although it might be Fallacy Fallacy if done badly). "Mike has clearly put a lot of thought into whether we should buy a pool, but he is a convicted felon" is. Additionally, calling into doubt someone's motives is only Ad Hominem if it's used as a rebuttal to their arguments. "Alice owns a company that sells bath towels, and we should bear that in mind while hearing what she has to say about the Bath Towel Control Bill" is a perfectly reasonable thing to say; it's when it imposes on the actual logic of the debate ("Alice owns a company that sells Bath towels, so what she says about the Bill is untrue") that it becomes a fallacy. |
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| Ad Hominem / int_3e5de40b | type |
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| Ad Hominem / int_3e5de40b | comment |
Used in an episode of Scrubs, when Eliot railed at the "hypocrisy" of Dr. Cox advising someone to calm down for the sake of his blood pressure, or Dr. Kelso telling a patient to stop smoking. When she herself got a patient who was fainting due to being slightly less underweight than she was, she initially tried to build her own weight in concert with the patient, but eventually realized "This is about you, not me." | |
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The Daily Show had a great example of one on their March 31st, 2014 episode. Chris Christie, governor of New Jersey as of the time of writing (April 2014), was embattled in a scandal regarding blocking a bridge out of spite. Governor Christie announced the result of an inquiry done by his own hand-picked legal team. The report exonerated Christie. Jon Stewart dismissed the report just on the grounds that it came from Christie's office. That is a clear case of this fallacy. However, it would be a case of the Fallacy Fallacy to say that Jon's ad hominem proves Governor Christie is in the clear, as it's certainly reasonable to be suspicious. Especially after it was later proved he was involved, though not in any legally binding fashion. | |
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A good example of this was the controversy over Resident Evil 5's alleged racism. A common rebuttal was that those complaining about a white man shooting black people did not complain about the previous game where a white man was shooting Spanish people, so a) their complaints were not valid, or b) shooting black people was somehow considered "worse" than shooting Spaniards. | |
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When fanfic writer pstibbons was called out for writing a Harry Potter fanfic whose only purpose was to have Hermione torture and humiliate Ron, he cited an earlier work of his where Ron is brutally murdered by Harry, claiming that since people didn't raise a fuss back then, they are clearly sexist.note Several people did, in fact, complain about Ron's treatment in that fic as well, but since Ron's death at Harry's hand was merely referenced in a single off-hand sentence, compared to an entire fic devoted to it, it didn't draw nearly as much attention. | |
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If You Can't Say Something Nice... | |
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| Ad Hominem / int_9e2eedeb | comment |
Reefer Madness: The Musical features a propagandist who uses this when a parent objects to the propagandist's absurd story about marijuana abuse. He starts by using an Appeal to Wealth and Appeal to Authority to point out that William Randolph Hearst agrees with his position, then demands to know where the man matriculated. When the man doesn't know the word matriculate, the propagandist goes in for the kill and makes the man admit he never went to college. The propagandist then dismisses the man entirely. Later, he takes it a step further by claiming the man's views are "extreme" and "Un-American." | |
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