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Science Fiction

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Science Fiction
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As a literary genre, Science Fiction (a subset of Speculative Fiction) is broad and incorporates subgenres ranging from Steampunk to Cyberpunk, running headalong through Space Opera on the way.
Science Fiction depends on asking "what if?" (Not quite the same thing as What If?). Or as this one 1930 Science Fiction musical proposed: "Just imagine"...
...travel between stars were possible.
...aliens came to Earth.
...a utopia or a dystopia.
...the future.
...we had superhuman abilities.
...ancient humans were more advanced than we are.
...dinosaurs or other prehistoric beasts were revived.
...there was an undiscovered place on earth or beyond our dimension with bizarre or prehistoric life
...If you could rebuild modern technology or civilization from scratch.
...we could create our own sentient creatures.
...an advanced Artificial Intelligence declared war on humanity.
...a war had favored the other side.
...you could visit a world where you were never born.
The one defining(-ish, definitions differ) trait of Science Fiction is that there is technology that doesn't exist in the time period the story is written in. Consider 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. The story was written in a time when submarines were still at the prototype stage, so 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea falls within the boundaries of Science Fiction.
However, Science Fiction is as much a genre as a setting. Often, the technology is a means to explore a concept, and the story could be a detective story focusing on how advanced technology affects crime and policing. This story would be both Science Fiction and Detective Story.
In general, without getting too much into the advanced and diverse subgenres of science fiction, there are two schools — "hard" and "soft". While the distinction isn't always clear cut, there are a few key differences. Hard science fiction relies on using already established science or justifying its fictionalized science using carefully calculated predictions. Hard SF tries to use the advanced technology as something that is important in itself, with its consequences, limitations and new uses being the main plot points. Due to the heavy focus on the scientific aspect, this is a rather niche market. Soft science fiction includes everything else, and generally falls under two major schools — adventure/pulp science fiction (which includes the Space Opera) and social science fiction. The former uses technology as a means to an end, merely a backdrop that allows The Captain to fight For Great Justice with a Stun Ray against the evil aliens and have space sex with the Green-Skinned Space Babe, instead of having to have him use a boring, ordinary gun and have boring, ordinary sex, with the boring, ordinary-skinned Earth babe. In the latter, the technology is used as a means of exploring characters and its social/psychological effects. Of course, it is entirely possible to have an action packed adventure story with deep social commentary.
In both schools of soft science fiction, it usually doesn't matter whether the technology used is actually plausible or not, and there is often little to no explanation as to how the technology would actually work. Otherwise, it may rely on such devices as Techno Babble to maintain a "sci-fi" atmosphere without the author actually having to use detailed scientific principles. Because hard science fiction tends to focus more on scientific detail and soft science fiction focuses on well developed characters and/or adventure, there is a divide between certain sections of the fandom. This divide has been around since, essentially, the very beginning of the genre. However, "hard" and "soft" say nothing about quality or literary value, just the level of scientific detail and accuracy used.
As with everything, there is often a blend of Hard and Soft science fiction. It is perfectly possible to write a hard Science Fiction story about The Captain running around shooting people with miniaturized microwave emitters designed to incapacitate people without killing them, shooting aliens and having sex with Green Skinned Space Babes (with no chance of conception because green aliens are biologically incompatible with humans), just as one can go into considerable detail justifying otherwise implausible technology that is much like magic (usually accomplished by deliberately altering basic scientific laws) and its effects on scientific research. This can often lead to Hidden Depths.
Science Fiction authors and fans are notoriously cranky about how their work is not taken seriously by the literary community, and especially resent being lumped in with the fantasy genre. (Speculative Fiction, an umbrella term for all varieties of imaginative literature, has an analysis page that explains the differences between Fantasy and Science Fiction.) Note also that many Science Fiction fans dislike the term "SciFi": to them it suggests the flanderized conception of the genre in popular culture, with green-skinned aliens, giant space battles and hammy production values. Therefore, they will insist on calling it SF for short.
See also: Speculative Fiction Tropes, Speculative Fiction Series, Speculative Fiction Creator Index, Technology Marches On. Not to be confused with Fiction Science, which is when we use Real Life science to examine fictional works.
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The following is a list of statements referring to the current page from other pages.

 Science Fiction
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Out-of-Genre Experience
 Aikatsu Stars! / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 AmuriInStarOcean
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Science Fiction
 Summer Wars
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Science Fiction
 Asterix (Comic Book) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Fall Out Toy Works (Comic Book)
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Science Fiction
 Star Trek: The Next Generation/Doctor Who: Assimilation² / Comicbook
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Science Fiction
 Beautiful Dreamer Pretty Cure / Fan Fic
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Science Fiction
 Pre Cure Like Fan Fics / Fan Fic
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Science Fiction
 TimePrettyCure
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Science Fiction
 Travels Through Azeroth and Outland / Fan Fic / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 The Writing on the Wall (Fanfic) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Another Earth
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Blade Runner
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 CaptivesOfTheThreePlanets
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Science Fiction
 Elysium
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Everything Everywhere All at Once / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Explorers / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Hammer Horror / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 ParasiteEve
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Science Fiction
 Proxima / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Southland Tales
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Science Fiction
 Splice
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Science Fiction
 The Whisperer in Darkness
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Science Fiction
 Village of the Damned
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Science Fiction
 Zardoz / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Cthulhu Mythos (Franchise) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Persona (Franchise) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Caffeine
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Science Fiction
 CelestialMatters
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Science Fiction
 Darkover
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Science Fiction
 Despoilers of the Golden Empire / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Dred Chronicles
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Science Fiction
 FinalDays
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Science Fiction
 Frankenstein
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Science Fiction
 Galactiquest / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 GameSlaves
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Science Fiction
 Half a Life
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Science Fiction
 Hive
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Science Fiction
 Hours
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Science Fiction
 Isaac Asimov Presents: The Great Science Fiction Stories, Volume 8 (1946) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Isaac Asimov Presents: The Great Science Fiction Stories, Volume 10 (1948) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Isaac Asimov Presents: The Great Science Fiction Stories, Volume 11 (1949) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Isaac Asimov Presents: The Great Science Fiction Stories, Volume 14 (1952) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Lensman
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Science Fiction
 LovelaceOneTwo
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Science Fiction
 Magician's Academy / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Modern Masterpieces of Science Fiction / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Robota
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Science Fiction
 StrengthAndJustice
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Science Fiction
 The Early Asimov / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 The First Run
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Science Fiction
 The Guns of the South
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Science Fiction
 TheImpossibleMan
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Science Fiction
 TheImpossibleStairwell
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 TheLanguagesOfPao
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 The Mystery of Urulgan
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 TheThirdMillenium
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 Year Zero
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 Year Zero
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 AConfusionOfPrinces
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Science Fiction
 AlienNoninterferenceClause
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Science Fiction
 ApparatSinglesGroup
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Science Fiction
 ArtemisNeo
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 AtonementRPI
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Science Fiction
 BelDameApocrypha
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Science Fiction
 BenBova
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Science Fiction
 BladeRunner
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Science Fiction
 BlakeAndMortimer
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Science Fiction
 Cathstuart
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Science Fiction
 ClarkAshtonSmith
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Science Fiction
 ClaudiaBlack
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Science Fiction
 Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award
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Science Fiction
 DouglasAdams
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Science Fiction
 Draele
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Science Fiction
 DragonridersofPern
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Science Fiction
 Drive-InTheater
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Science Fiction
 ECComics
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Science Fiction
 EscapeToWitchMountain
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Science Fiction
 GeneralNerd
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Science Fiction
 GoMutants
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Science Fiction
 GuestFromTheFuture
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Science Fiction
 HIVE
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Science Fiction
 HalfALife
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Science Fiction
 HeIsAMonster
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Science Fiction
 HeavyWorlder
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Science Fiction
 HerrKman
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Science Fiction
 Hugo Award
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Science Fiction
 IainBanks
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Science Fiction
 IntercontinuityCrossover
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Science Fiction
 Interworld
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Science Fiction
 JacekDukaj
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 JannyWurts
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 JenniferLawrence
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Science Fiction
 Karn
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Science Fiction
 KirBulychevWorks
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Science Fiction
 LEGOAlienConquest
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Science Fiction
 LandGames
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 LandoftheLost
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 LatwPIAT
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Science Fiction
 LockIn
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Science Fiction
 Mario4812LikedTropes3
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Science Fiction
 MatadorSeries
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 Megalomania
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 MichaelStackpole
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 MrNobody
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Science Fiction
 MyRoommateIsAnElf
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Science Fiction
 NataliaGuseva
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 Nebula Award
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 NerdCore
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Science Fiction
 Noble Space Savage
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 Nohbody
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Science Fiction
 OctaviaButler
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Science Fiction
 Otherspace
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Science Fiction
 Petro
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Science Fiction
 PhilipKDickAward
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Science Fiction
 Ptitle23fr1zp0gsny
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Science Fiction
 Ptitle4j0avkmu
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Science Fiction
 Ptitle6hmw2g74
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Science Fiction
 Pulp Magazine / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 RayGunGothic
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Science Fiction
 RepairmanJack
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 RoboGirl
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Science Fiction
 Roswell
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Science Fiction
 Russian Reading
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 SannikovLand
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Science Fiction
 Scooter007
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 SectorGeneral
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 SpaceVulture
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Science Fiction
 Specialist290
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Science Fiction
 Sus
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Science Fiction
 Teleporters and Transporters
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Science Fiction
 TheButterflyEffect
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Science Fiction
 TheCleave
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Science Fiction
 TheCompanyNovels
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Science Fiction
 TheCulture
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Science Fiction
 TheDivingUniverse
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Science Fiction
 The Final Frontier
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Science Fiction
 TheGrandListOfOverusedScienceFictionCliches
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Science Fiction
 TheGunsOfTheSouth
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Science Fiction
 TheLastStarfighter
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Science Fiction
 TheRoadToMars
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Science Fiction
 ThereWillComeSoftRains
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Science Fiction
 Threshold
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Science Fiction
 Timeshift
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Science Fiction
 TimothyZahn
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Science Fiction
 WhoCensoredRogerRabbit
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Science Fiction
 WildARMs2
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Science Fiction
 WilliamRForstchen
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Science Fiction
 YokoTsuno
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Science Fiction
 YoungZaphodPlaysItSafe
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Science Fiction
 ptitlefsqeat40
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Science Fiction
 ptitles8ulp7dp
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Science Fiction
 Gunnm (Manga) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Murasakiiro no Qualia (Manga) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 The World of Narue (Manga)
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 I, Robot (Music)
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Science Fiction
 Lascaille's Shroud (Music)
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Teenagers In Tokyo (Music)
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Gaming Steve Universe (Roleplay)
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Columbo / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Firefly / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Fringe
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Invasion
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Science Fiction
 Roswell / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 SeaQuest DSV / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Taken
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Science Fiction
 The Prisoner
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Science Fiction
 The Suite Life of Zack and Cody
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Science Fiction
 Development Heaven / Sugar Wiki / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 SLA Industries (Tabletop Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Traveller (Tabletop Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 2300 AD (Tabletop Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Disney Infinity (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Garry's Mod (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 I Miss the Sunrise (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Marathon (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Mica: Apoptosis (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Rain World (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Wing Commander (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Xenoblade Chronicles (Video Game) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 RocketRanger
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Science Fiction
 Riddle Joker (Visual Novel) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 TheAdventuresOfFeelgoodAndLongbottom
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Science Fiction
 Awesome Adventures Comics (Webcomic)
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Decrypting Rita (Webcomic) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Far from Home (Kruslar) (Webcomic)
seeAlso
Science Fiction
 Gone with the Blastwave (Webcomic) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 KruslarsFarFromHome
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Science Fiction
 Nebula Beings (Webcomic) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Vorto The Pirate (Webcomic)
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Science Fiction
 YuriTheGakidou
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Science Fiction
 Counter-Factual.Net (Website) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Celebrity Deathmatch / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Space Ghost / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction
 Battle Angel Alita (Manga) / int_c0974135
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Science Fiction