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Bitches Brew (Music)
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Bitches Brew is a double album by Miles Davis, recorded from August 19 through 21, 1969, and released through Columbia Records in early 1970. It is widely considered one of the most revolutionary albums in jazz history, alongside Davis' Kind of Blue.While it wasn't the first album to mix rock and jazz, or even Miles' first album using electric instruments, it's often seen as the Trope Codifier for Jazz Fusion, pairing traditional jazz instruments with electric guitars and keyboards improvising over long, funk-inspired rhythms, inspired by contemporary artists like Jimi Hendrix and Sly and the Family Stone. It also qualifies as the Genre Popularizer, as it sold quite a bit better than any previous work in the genre.Despite this, it is a dark, unsettling album, befitting its title; it's quite dissonant, and most songs have an unsettling atmosphere, as though something is slightly out of place. Miles' other major fusion works from this period, In a Silent Way (also 1969) and A Tribute to Jack Johnson (recorded 1970, released 1971), are quite a bit brighter, with less usage of dissonance and more usage of major keys, and may be better places for timid listeners who are curious about Miles' fusion period to start. Tracklist: Disc OneSide One "Pharaoh's Dance" (20:00)Side Two "Bitches Brew" (26:59)Disc TwoSide Three "Spanish Key" (17:29) "John McLaughlin" (4:26)Side Four "Miles Runs the Voodoo Down" (14:04) "Sanctuary" (10:52)Personnel: Miles Davis: trumpet Wayne Shorter: soprano saxophone Bennie Maupin: bass clarinet Joe Zawinul: electric piano Chick Corea: electric piano John McLaughlin: electric guitar Dave Holland: bass Harvey Brooks: electric bass Lenny White, Jack DeJohnette, Billy Cobham: drums Don Alias: congas Juma Santos: shaker, congas Airto Moreira: percussion, cuica | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_14beeefd | type |
Darker and Edgier | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_14beeefd | comment |
Darker and Edgier: This album could essentially be described as the evil twin of In a Silent Way. The title track's main riff has an almost demonic sound to it. The first disc is a bit darker than the second, though both are quite dark by the standards of 1960s jazz.note Well, most 1960s jazz - John Coltrane's The Olatunji Concert, performed in 1967, makes this sound downright tame, though it wasn't released until much later, owing to the poor recording quality. It's also quite a bit darker than the major studio work that followed this, A Tribute to Jack Johnson. | |
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all lowercase letters | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_1ce1cfd8 | comment |
all lowercase letters: Ralph J. Gleason's liner notes. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_22093e9b | type |
New Sound Album | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_22093e9b | comment |
New Sound Album: This album defined jazz fusion and spelled the end of Miles' "cool jazz" period. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_26b2747 | type |
Alliterative Title | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_26b2747 | comment |
Alliterative Title: "Bitches Brew". | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_3eb0f889 | type |
Pun-Based Title | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_3eb0f889 | comment |
Pun-Based Title: On "Witches Brew" from Shakespeare's play Macbeth. | |
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Blatant Lies | |
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Blatant Lies: Any song on The Complete Bitches Brew Sessions that isn't one of the above-listed tracks was actually recorded long after the sessions for Bitches Brew ended. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_44bd31e2 | type |
Trope Codifier | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_44bd31e2 | comment |
Trope Codifier: For jazz fusion. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_4ce8369 | type |
Supergroup | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_4ce8369 | comment |
Super Group: As with many of Miles' albums. Sidemen include Wayne Shorter, Joe Zawinul, Chick Corea, John McLaughlin and Jack DeJohnette, all of whom had successful careers in other bands or as band leaders. | |
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Psychedelic Rock | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_4e94d01b | comment |
Son of a Bitches Brew by the prolific Japanese Psychedelic Rock band Acid Mothers Temple is a shout-out to this album. | |
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Step Up to the Microphone | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_51f90774 | comment |
Step Up to the Amp: Miles doesn't play on "John McLaughlin", instead letting his guitarist take over. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_53224e46 | type |
Bookends | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_53224e46 | comment |
Bookends: A retroactive example; the first and last songs were written by Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter, the future founders of Weather Report. | |
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Brown Note | |
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Brown Note: An almost literal example; some listeners have reported actual nightmares after falling asleep to this album. This makes the title quite fitting, in a way. | |
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Gratuitous Panning | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_5e835a41 | comment |
Gratuitous Panning: The songs have at least two drummers or keyboardists at once, mixed all the way on the left or the right channels. Arguably a Justified Trope, since the panning makes it easier to distinguish the musicians' parts. | |
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Singer Namedrop | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_73fa8db | comment |
Singer Name Drop: "Miles Runs the Voodoo Down" refers to Miles Davis. The track "John McLaughlin" is a shout-out to his guitarist John McLaughlin. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_74149c93 | type |
Epic Rocking | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_74149c93 | comment |
Epic Rocking: It's a six-song double album. Only one song clocks in at under 10 minutes, and the longest ("Bitches Brew") is twenty-seven minutes long. Keep in mind that this was in an era where where it was extremely rare for songs to exceed about 25 minutes due to LP space limitations — to press longer album sides, one would have to reduce the volume, which would in turn increase the noise floor. | |
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Instrumentals | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_74b7629c | comment |
Instrumentals: Miles' verbal directions aside, all songs are instrumental. | |
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Improv | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_a33b90b2 | comment |
Improv: Miles' direction was so sparse that no sheet music was prepared, and he gave directions on the fly. He can be heard in the quieter sections of "Bitches Brew". However, this is a Downplayed Trope by the standards of 1960s jazz, since the album featured heavy editing on its first disc, as explained above under Distinct Double Album. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_b134a27d | type |
Distinct Double Album | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_b134a27d | comment |
Distinct Double Album: One of the most famous double albums in jazz. The first half's lengthy compositions were spliced together by producer Teo Macero in the studio, which completely altered the composition of the songs. The famous intro to "Pharaoh's Dance" is actually the entire first 1:38 repeating twice — and even that section is spliced up a bit. The title track also featured extensive editing; it's centred around segments featuring two separate, memorable riffs, and each of these riffs was taken from its own section. The song has an A-B-A-B-A structure, meaning there's quite a bit of editing. The whole process pissed off jazz purists, who said it compromised the integrity and improvisation of the genre. By contrast, the second half of the album is comprised of one-take recordings. The first disc is also quite a bit more unsettling, though both are still dark. | |
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Bitches Brew (Music) / int_b24ce4b2 | type |
Rearrange the Song | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_b24ce4b2 | comment |
Rearrange the Song: Sort of. Much of the album, especially "Pharaoh's Dance" and "Bitches Brew", was actually edited together by Record Producer Teo Macero, who used a ton of studio tricks including looping and editing tapes. | |
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Leave the Camera Running | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_b2af79fb | comment |
Leave the Camera Running: "Sanctuary" is actually two consecutive takes of the song. | |
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Shout-Out | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_c75df49a | comment |
Shout-Out: Son of a Bitches Brew by the prolific Japanese Psychedelic Rock band Acid Mothers Temple is a shout-out to this album. Canadian punk/jazz/Math Rock band Nomeansno recorded a With Lyrics cover of the title track on their album One. While it's shorter than the original, it's still fifteen minutes long. | |
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This Is for Emphasis, Bitch! | |
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This Is for Emphasis, Bitch!: The title. According to his ex-wife Betty Mabry (who later became a boundary-pushing artist in her own right), Davis originally did intend for it to be called "Witches Brew", just skirting the edge of decency, but she was the one who suggested the alternate, punchier title; Miles, also a virtuoso when it came to the word "bitch" and its derivatives, liked it. | |
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Cover Version | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_cff53786 | comment |
Cover Version: The sessions for the album included a take on David Crosby's "Guinnevere". It was left off the album after Crosby told Miles he hated it. | |
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One-Word Title | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_d0f0a80d | comment |
One-Word Title: "Sanctuary". | |
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Intentionally Awkward Title | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_e0d20ea6 | comment |
Intentionally Awkward Title: So it's 1969, and we have an African-American artist with a large white fanbase famous for playing smooth, cool jazz... and he puts out an album called Bitches Brew, with a stylized painting of naked black god-like characters on the cover, and loud, funky, very electric songs. This album wasn't looking to get overlooked. | |
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Design Student's Orgasm | |
Bitches Brew (Music) / int_e40f6792 | comment |
Design Student's Orgasm: The psychedelic album cover by famed German-French artist Mati Klarwein (who also painted the cover for Santana's Abraxas, amongst other recordings). | |
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Math Rock | |
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Canadian punk/jazz/Math Rock band Nomeansno recorded a With Lyrics cover of the title track on their album One. While it's shorter than the original, it's still fifteen minutes long. | |
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