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Cosmos

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Cosmos
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Cosmos: A Personal Voyage is an educational television series written and narrated by astronomer and writer Carl Sagan, first released by PBS in 1980, and was also published in book form. It is best known for its presentation of a wide variety of scientific topics — astronomy, physics, biology, evolution, environmentalism, nuclear power, and more — in Layman's Terms, making both the wonder and the terminology accessible to the public. It also had cutting edge special effects for the time it was produced and also crossed over into science fiction by having Sagan explore remote corners of time and space via a "Spaceship of the Imagination". As such, it was one of the first science-documentary series to receive serious coverage by science fiction entertainment publications such as Starlog.The series has been credited with inspiring an entire generation of scientists and formed a template for nearly every mainstream science program that followed. It was re-released as a DVD collection with commentary by Sagan, mainly to discuss where Science Marches On. Even today, it remains remarkably relevant; although some of the facts are dated, the majority of the principles and theories discussed by the show remain intact.Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey aired on FOX network 34 years later as both a remake and an update. Executive produced by Seth MacFarlane and written by Sagan's widow Ann Druyan, with Neil deGrasse Tyson as host, viewers were once again taken on a journey through the wonders of the Cosmos. It used many parts from the original series which still held up and showcased many things which had come about since the original show's airing, also branching off in other directions.Cosmos: Possible Worlds is a continuation of Spacetime Odyssey from the same creators, first airing in 2020 on National Geographic Channel and then later on FOX.
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Starfish Language
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Starfish Language: The whale's songs are described like this. Also, he speculates that science and the laws of nature are the universal language for communicating with an alien intelligence.
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 Cosmos / int_127fc252
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Creator Cameo
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Creator Cameo: Seth MacFarlane plays the voice of Giordano Bruno in the animated segment about Bruno's life. Brannon Braga plays the live-action Michael Faraday without speaking lines.
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Card-Carrying Villain
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Card-Carrying Villain: Robert Hooke is depicted like this in Episode 3's animated scenes, having been given an Obviously Evil appearance and him muttering "Blasted Newton! I'll make him pay!" once Newton refuses to give in to his demands. To be fair, Hooke's own accomplishments, like discovering Hooke's law (governing linear elasticity), are also mentioned in the episode.
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Does This Remind You of Anything?
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Does This Remind You of Anything?: Oil industry tries to cover up the harmful effects of their product and employs a scientist to do it while trying to discredit the scientists pointing out the opposite—no, not climate change, lead emissions from gasoline. There's a clear History Repeats subtext.
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Patrick Stewart Speech
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Patrick Stewart Speech: Sagan is incredibly effective at delivering these in regards to Real Life, as is Ann Druyan in the intro to the updated version of Cosmos.
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Heroes Love Dogs
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Heroes Love Dogs: Neil shares some scenes with his dog, whom he affectionately calls "my friend"; in fact while walking it on the beach he uses it to explain the difference between weather fluctuations and climate:
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 Cosmos / int_18aff462
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Artistic License – Biology
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Artistic License – Biology: Tardigrades have no pigment, but it would be hard to see transparent creatures in transparent water, so they are shown as fleshy pink and opaque, similar to how they appear in an electron microscope.note The reason they become opaque then is because samples are coated with metal particles so they'll show up under the scan.
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 Cosmos / int_19ebe383
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Never Trust a Trailer
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Never Trust a Trailer: For episode 8 "Sisters of the Sun", Tyson shows supernovae and the lights going out in various major cities as he asks "are we safe?" It turns out in the episode the lights going out have nothing to do with supernovas or their effect on Earth (say, frying our electrical grid), they are merely illustrating the effect of light pollution on stargazing long before discussing supernovae. The trailer for "The Immortals" poses the question of whether or not scientific advance will someday make if possible to live forever. Naturally, this question is never answered in the actual episode—the closest thing is saying that if humans managed to avoid any extinction scenarios, then there is no reason why civilization cannot outlive the Earth, but of course, billions of years is not "forever", and the episode doesn't even mention that humans would have to find a way around the heat death of the universe or the Big Rip in order for the species to truly exist forever.
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Astronomic Zoom
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Astronomic Zoom: In "Unafraid of the Dark", over Sagan's "Pale Blue Dot" speech. The final thirty seconds of the zoom replicates the original photograph taken by Voyager 1 in 1990, albeit upside-down. There's also a Dramatic Pause for the audience to absorb just how precious Earth actually is.
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Chekhov's Gun
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Chekhov's Gun: In "The Electric Boy", Michael Faraday keeps a lump of malformed glass as a reminder of the time he was forced to work with optics by Humphry Davy. Later, as he struggles to prove a correlation between electromagnetism and light, he fails to find a proper medium through which he could see polarized light be affected by an electric magnet. In desperation, he picks up the lump of glass, and sure enough it does the trick.
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Shiny-Looking Spaceships
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Shiny-Looking Spaceships: The 2014 version of the Spaceship of the Imagination is very shiny, compared to the white dandelion puff/spikey thing of the previous series (Hey, it was the 80's and they were on a budget).
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 Cosmos / int_246c5b47
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Ascended Fanboy
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Ascended Fanboy: Seth MacFarlane is a huge geek for the original series and for Carl Sagan. He is also one of the producers of the updated version of the show starring Neil deGrasse Tyson. He admits that, in his opinion at least, he is the "least important" player in the remake, serving mostly as the means by which Ann Druyan (Sagan's widow) and Steven Soter were able to meet with FOX and get the new series off the ground in the first place. Neil deGrasse Tyson spends the last few minutes of the first episode relating his first meeting with Carl Sagan, back when he was a 17-year-old nobody from the Bronx, and how it shaped him into the scientist he is today. In episode 4, he again returns to that moment as an example of a moment in space/time.
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Mythology Gag
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Mythology Gag: In the first episode Tyson begins the show on the same rocky outcrop in Big Sur, California as Sagan started the original Cosmos, the Match Cut with the Dandelion blossom is recreated and Tyson also uses Sagan's famous "We are all made of star stuff" quote. In "Sisters of the Sun", Neil refers to the Milky Way as the "backbone of night", the name of an episode of the original series. Shortly after he repeats the heartening "galaxy rise" speech that debuted in the same original episode and was used in Symphonies of Science.
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Puny Earthlings
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Puny Earthlings: At the beginning of episode 12 ("Encyclopedia Galactica"), Sagan narrates, "In the vastness of the Cosmos there must be other civilizations far older and more advanced than ours."
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 Cosmos / int_2726d167
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The World Is Just Awesome
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The World Is Just Awesome: The goal is to demonstrate this is true for the entire universe. Earth is awesome. Subatomic particles are awesome. Galaxies are awesome. Bacteria are awesome. Everything from the massive star Eta Carinae to the microscopic tardigrades that survive anywhere, is beautiful, complex, and wonderful in the literal sense of that word.
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Hobo Gloves
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Hobo Gloves: It being Victorian England, these are part of the overall shabby look of young tradesman Michael Faraday. They disappear after he gains employment at the Royal Institute.
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Take That, Us
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Take That Us: In the episode "The World Set Free", an animated segment at the 1878 World's Fair in Paris shows several displays and banners passing by. One of them is MacFarlane Refined Lard. Seth MacFarlane is the executive producer of the series.
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Faster-Than-Light Travel
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Faster-Than-Light Travel: The possibility of this is discussed during the episode about relativity. Sagan's Framing Device spaceship is described to be completely unrestricted by the laws of physics so he can fully explore the universe.
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Sophisticated as Hell
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Sophisticated as Hell: Tyson has a habit of using colloquialisms during his measured speeches. He says "maybe it's those damn volcanoes" while contemplating what is causing greenhouse gases. He also describes star cluster Eta Careinae as "flipping out ever since" its first outbursts of (supposed) radiation pressure, which were first documented in the 1800s and have continued to this day.
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Starfish Aliens
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Starfish Aliens: One episode speculates on what life might be found within the atmosphere of Jupiter or a similar gas giant. It included microscopic "sinkers" that had to reproduce before sinking too far into Jupiter and being crushed or fried, mile-wide hydrogen-filled balloon "floaters" that filter-fed on the sinkers, and winged predators that hunted the floaters. The pages from the Encyclopedia Galactica (which are reprinted in the book adaptation) describes lifeforms with biologies that utilize cryogenic superconductors and "mobile autotrophs" (i.e., walking trees).
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Distant Finale
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Distant Finale: The final episode, "The New Seven Wonders Of The World", takes place in the 2039 World's Fair, some twenty years after it was broadcast. The pavilions of this prospective future fair suggest that scientists would have managed to reverse climate change and discovered new civilizations in other planets.
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After the End
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After the End: In his treatment of nuclear war.
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Recursive Reality
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Recursive Reality: In episode 9, "Magic Without Lies", Tyson explains how we are unable to see other dimensions by invoking the novel Flatland. He explains how Flatlanders have no concept of "above", since they only exist in a world of length and width. Tyson picks up one of them and muses that to another Flatlander it's like he disappeared into thin air. After he's done explaining this, Tyson is suddenly lifted away and disappears, as if he himself was picked up by a fourth-dimensional being.
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Ascended Meme
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Ascended Meme: When discussing the invention of the digit 0, Neil mentions that it's useful for writing "billions and billions".
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Not Drawn to Scale
 Cosmos / int_37ea4a73
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Not Drawn to Scale: The DNA helicase and DNA polymerase enzymes are much larger relative to a DNA molecule than they're depicted as in the CGI simulation. The closeup view of a comet in the new series looks much like the one seen in the opening sequence of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, which doesn't show that while the nucleus is a mile across, by the time it reaches the inner solar system the coma of gas surrounding it is the size of the Earth.
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But What About the Astronauts?
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But What About the Astronauts?: In the "nuclear winter nightmare" segment, Sagan flies back to Earth after being away exploring space, only to find radio silence because everyone is dead. Sagan comes to this conclusion when discussing relativistic travel.
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Time Marches On
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Time Marches On: In episode 10 "The Immortals" Tyson introduces a new "year" to the cosmic Calendar, starting from now.
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Solar Sail
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Solar Sail: Unfurled by a Cool Starship in episode 11.
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Musical Gag
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Musical Gag / Stealth Pun: A sequence near the end of "Hiding in the Light" — the episode all about light spectra and therefore about colors — is scored with Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue.
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Historical Hero Upgrade
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Historical Hero Upgrade: Giordano Bruno. While he was burned at the stake, it had much more to do with his religious views, not his views about the universe. It's argued that he's best seen as a martyr for religious freedom, not science, and the show credits him with pioneering ideas that began with other people. The writer of that episode fired back with their own response. In general, the series showcases a lot of scientists whose work was crucial to our understanding of the world today yet aren't as famed as the Newtons, like Ibn Al-Haytham and Marie Tharp.
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Flower Motifs
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Flower Motifs: Dandelion seeds.
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Humans Through Alien Eyes
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Humans Through Alien Eyes: In "Who Speaks for Earth?" during the After the End scenario, Sagan wonders what the Encyclopedia Galactica would have to say about humans, and in the first episode he muses:
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Comet of Doom
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Comet of Doom: Deconstructed in the third episode, "When Knowledge Conquered Fear". Tyson explains how this trope was based in superstition and ignorance of how the solar system worked, and then tells an absolutely epic version of how Edmund Halley went about utterly crushing this superstition by figuring out what comets were and how they worked. It ended with Dr. Tyson telling of Halley's "prophecy" that not only would a particular comet return in 50 years, but accurately and correctly predicting where in the sky it would appear, and how long it would be visible, and how "Halley's Comet" became the best known comet in the history of the world.
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Scenery Gorn
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Scenery Gorn: Any time Neil starts talking about the Permian-Triassic Extinction, also known as "The Great Dying". There's also the Hadean Era, when the Earth was a ball of angry lava constantly being hit by meteorites, and the lead-meltingly hot, pressure-warped surface of Venus.
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Scenery Porn
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Scenery Porn: Italian wine country, the ancient Triassic, and various other stunning vistas from Earth's past and present.
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Fling a Light into the Future
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Fling a Light into the Future: Sagan discusses the possibility of Earth's radio broadcasts reaching other civilizations. (Also a case of Aliens Steal Cable.)
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Genre Roulette
 Cosmos / int_4b1ca7d2
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Genre Roulette: The original series had an eclectic soundtrack incorporating classical music, world music and 1970s electronica. Because Sagan was the head of the committee to select music for the Voyager Golden Record, several of the tracks chosen for the record appear in Cosmos.
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Great Big Library of Everything
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Great Big Library of Everything: The virtual reproduction of the library at Alexandria, whose loss Sagan mourns as "self-inflicted radical brain surgery" for civilization as a whole.
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Call to Adventure
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Call to Adventure: When a scientific concept has not been proven yet, Tyson asks the audience who among them will solve the problem.
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Alcubierre Drive
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Alcubierre Drive: Discussed on “The Fleeting Grace of the Habitable Zone” as a possible means of traveling across the stars. Tyson compares it to a jet ski displacing space time like it was water.
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Rhetorical Request Blunder
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Rhetorical Request Blunder: Non-murder version in "The Electric Boy". After fooling around with electromagentism, Humphry Davy jokingly tells Faraday to see what he can make of it once he's done tidying up the lab. Faraday makes an electric motor of it.
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 Cosmos / int_4e3d253b
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Downer Ending
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Both the first and last episodes feature discussions on the Great Library of Alexandria and of its last librarian Hypatia. The mood of the latter's discussion of it, though, is far more somber.
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Holy Backlight
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comment
Holy Backlight: Applied to Sagan in the opening of the tenth episode, in a discussion of the concept of birth and its cultural implications.
 Cosmos / int_4fc5ac56
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_4fc5ac56
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1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_4fc5ac56
 Cosmos / int_4fe1aa4c
type
Gorgeous Period Dress
 Cosmos / int_4fe1aa4c
comment
Gorgeous Period Dress: Elaborate historical reenactments depict the 12th century Battle of Dan-no-ura in Japan, Johannes Kepler's 16th century Germany, Christiaan Huygens' 17th century Netherlands, and Edwin Hubble in 1920s California.
 Cosmos / int_4fe1aa4c
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_4fe1aa4c
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_4fe1aa4c
 Cosmos / int_5313c266
type
Bookends
 Cosmos / int_5313c266
comment
Book Ends: The series begins and ends on the rocky cliffs from the first series.
 Cosmos / int_5313c266
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_5313c266
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1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_5313c266
 Cosmos / int_53e1f74c
type
Asteroid Thicket
 Cosmos / int_53e1f74c
comment
Asteroid Thicket: The first and seventh episode depict the asteroid belt as this for artistic license, since it's an easily recognizable image. The real asteroid belt is incredibly sparse and boring (as Neil points out in a StarTalk episode, we could never have gotten any of our outer system probes through the belt if it was that dense). He later discusses the actual sparsity of the Oort Cloud, where objects are as distant from each other as Earth is from Saturn.
 Cosmos / int_53e1f74c
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_53e1f74c
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_53e1f74c
 Cosmos / int_5628a3
type
Vindicated by History
 Cosmos / int_5628a3
comment
Vindicated by History: invoked Multiple scientists who developed ideas before technology existed to test them. For example, Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift made him a laughingstock during his lifetime, but Marie Tharp proved him right when she mapped sonar images of the seafloor and consequently identified the continental boundaries. Similarly, some discoveries are made only for Tyson to note that it would sometimes takes centuries for the ramifications and understanding of those discoveries to occur. Conversely, some segments tend to subtly note how often certain things are discovered and re-discovered over and over, such as the scientific method.
 Cosmos / int_5628a3
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_5628a3
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Cosmos / int_5628a3
 Cosmos / int_56515a39
type
Artistic License – History
 Cosmos / int_56515a39
comment
Artistic License – History: The segment on Giordano Bruno was harshly criticised by historians of science and philosophy for its inaccuracies. While the show concedes that he was "no scientist", many liberties were taken with his historical character in order to present him in a more positive light, and some have accused the show of deliberately fudging the facts so that his story fits more neatly into the old "science vs religion" cliche. Bruno is shown reading Lucretius' On the Nature of Things while the narration informs us that he was reading "books banned by the Church". Lucretius' work was never banned by the Church, and in fact had enjoyed wide dissemination for hundreds of years before Bruno was born. Bruno is shown being violently thrown out of his friary by his fellows. In reality, he absconded of his own accord. The show presnts Bruno's cosmology as being something he dreamt up himself after being inspired by Lucretius. He states in his own writing that his greatest influences were Copernicus and Nicolaus Cusanus; indeed, much of what the show presents as Bruno's innovations were things he directly lifted from "The Divine Cusanus", as Bruno calls him. As a lecturer at Oxford, Bruno is depicted as espousing Copernican cosmology, which leads to him being jeered at and pelted with rotten fruit by the other scholars. While Bruno was disliked at Oxford, it was mainly because he was found to have been an unrepentant plagiarist, and his heterodox beliefs seem only to have elicitied mild teasing. Generally, the ideas of infinite worlds, extraterrestrial life, and heliocentrism were not forbidden by the Catholic Church, and many well-respected theologians and high-ranking churchmen argued in favour them. The Church's issue with Bruno stemmed principally from his denial of the divinity of Christ, the Ressurection, and slander of Mary. The show reverses the importance of the charges, treating his cosmology as the principal reason for his condemnation. Steven Soter, co-writer of the show, defended the Bruno segment by comparing him to Isaac Newton, who Soter argued is well-regarded for his scientific feats in spite of his unscientific interests in alchemy and theology, apparently forgetting that Bruno didn't have any scientific accomplishments to speak of.
 Cosmos / int_56515a39
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_56515a39
featureConfidence
1.0
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Cosmos / int_56515a39
 Cosmos / int_56b53152
type
Green Aesop
 Cosmos / int_56b53152
comment
Green Aesop: Specifically invoked in "The Lost Worlds of Planet Earth", in which Tyson almost outright says that humanity's current destruction of the planet through oil/coal mining and pollution is very well setting up the sixth major extinction event that the Earth has seen — one that will mirror the Permian–Triassic extinction event, which destroyed up to 96% of all life on Earth. "The World Set Free" explicitly points at the effects of carbon dioxide production and our continued use of fossil fuels as a giant factor in ruining our planet.
 Cosmos / int_56b53152
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_56b53152
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_56b53152
 Cosmos / int_5798bfbf
type
Reassigned to Antarctica
 Cosmos / int_5798bfbf
comment
Reassigned to Antarctica: In "The Electric Boy", after Michael Faraday invents the electric motor and becomes the toast of the English scientific community, his superior Sir Humphry Davy reassigns him to work on glass optics, in the hope of keeping Faraday from showing him up. Ironically, this failed assignment gives Faraday the means to make his greatest discovery (see Chekhov's Gun).
 Cosmos / int_5798bfbf
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_5798bfbf
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_5798bfbf
 Cosmos / int_5ac47fa6
type
Erudite Stoner
 Cosmos / int_5ac47fa6
comment
Erudite Stoner: Sagan was an enthusiastic marijuana smoker and makes a reference to it in Episode 9, when describing the restoration of gravity upon removing it and its effects on tea and people in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland: "I've been to a couple of parties like that myself!"
 Cosmos / int_5ac47fa6
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_5ac47fa6
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_5ac47fa6
 Cosmos / int_5bdffefe
type
Jitter Cam
 Cosmos / int_5bdffefe
comment
Jitter Cam: When Tyson takes the Ship of the Imagination into a Black Hole.
 Cosmos / int_5bdffefe
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_5bdffefe
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_5bdffefe
 Cosmos / int_5cd8680b
type
Doorstop Baby
 Cosmos / int_5cd8680b
comment
Doorstop Baby: Episode 3 begins with Tyson comparing the human race to this, abandoned on the earth with no idea where it came from or what its purpose is.
 Cosmos / int_5cd8680b
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_5cd8680b
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_5cd8680b
 Cosmos / int_5ce7dbb9
type
Central Theme
 Cosmos / int_5ce7dbb9
comment
Central Theme: Apart from "science is awesome", Tyson repeatedly stresses the importance of questioning authority and long-held assumptions. He even encourages the audience to question him and figure things out for themselves.
 Cosmos / int_5ce7dbb9
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_5ce7dbb9
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_5ce7dbb9
 Cosmos / int_5fc516bf
type
Mechanical Lifeforms
 Cosmos / int_5fc516bf
comment
The pages from the Encyclopedia Galactica (which are reprinted in the book adaptation) describes lifeforms with biologies that utilize cryogenic superconductors and "mobile autotrophs" (i.e., walking trees).
 Cosmos / int_5fc516bf
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_5fc516bf
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_5fc516bf
 Cosmos / int_615fdb1f
type
Dream Sequence
 Cosmos / int_615fdb1f
comment
Dream Sequence: Giordano Bruno has a fateful dream about lifting the curtain of the sky and stepping into an infinite cosmos. The animation is based on the Flammarion engraving, an illustration of cosmic exploration whose creator is unknown.
 Cosmos / int_615fdb1f
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_615fdb1f
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_615fdb1f
 Cosmos / int_6439de78
type
Heroic Sacrifice
 Cosmos / int_6439de78
comment
Heroic Sacrifice: The scientists in episode 4 "Vavilov" who starved to death during the Leningrad Siege note  Which lasted from September 8, 1941 to January 27, 1944 protecting the seeds of the Pavlovsk seed bank for future generations. The fate of the Cassini spacecraft in episode 8 is presented as this. After its twenty year mission to explore Saturn was over, once its fuel ran out, it was sent to crash into the planet's surface, as letting it orbit risked it crashing into one of Saturn's moons, potentially disrupting any possible life in them.
 Cosmos / int_6439de78
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_6439de78
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_6439de78
 Cosmos / int_64cb3c0e
type
ElmerFuddSyndrome
 Cosmos / int_64cb3c0e
comment
Elmer Fudd Syndrome: Michael Faraday is depicted as speaking like this as a child in "The Electric Boy".
 Cosmos / int_64cb3c0e
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_64cb3c0e
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_64cb3c0e
 Cosmos / int_6627695f
type
Author Appeal
 Cosmos / int_6627695f
comment
Author Appeal: Neil hugely admires Isaac Newton, the guy who invented calculus on a bet. He's also quite the admirer of fine wine and visits Italian wine country to talk about photosynthesis and the c constant. His monologue on the future humanity could craft for itself-a utopia free of poverty and bigotry-sounds pretty familiar to his fellow Trekkies.
 Cosmos / int_6627695f
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_6627695f
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_6627695f
 Cosmos / int_716c0b1b
type
And the Adventure Continues
 Cosmos / int_716c0b1b
comment
And the Adventure Continues: The series ends on this note: the discoveries of dark energy and dark matter in the last episode are used to highlight the fact that humanity is closer to the beginning than the end of the scientific journey, espousing the importance of widespread scientific literacy. The closing shot is of an unmanned Ship of the Imagination drifting out into deep space, inviting the viewer to explore the cosmos with it (and hopefully, on their own or as a profession.)
 Cosmos / int_716c0b1b
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_716c0b1b
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_716c0b1b
 Cosmos / int_71e514b5
type
Don't Try This at Home
 Cosmos / int_71e514b5
comment
Don't Try This at Home: Michael Faraday, probably anachronistically, says this to his audience while demonstrating how an electric spark can make gunpowder go boom. (Or possibly not an anachronism, since his book about candles advised on proper safety measures for its suggested "at home" experiments.)
 Cosmos / int_71e514b5
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_71e514b5
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1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_71e514b5
 Cosmos / int_72c8ec66
type
Nested Story Reveal
 Cosmos / int_72c8ec66
comment
Nested Story Reveal: In the fourth episode, the old man watching William Herschel and his son walking on the beach is revealed to be the son all grown up, and the scenes are really his memories.
 Cosmos / int_72c8ec66
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_72c8ec66
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_72c8ec66
 Cosmos / int_7464705c
type
Arc Words
 Cosmos / int_7464705c
comment
Arc Words/Catchphrase: "Come with me."
 Cosmos / int_7464705c
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_7464705c
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_7464705c
 Cosmos / int_754004a9
type
Hell on Earth
 Cosmos / int_754004a9
comment
Hell on Earth: What Earth might become due to global warming, as explained in "The World Set Free".
 Cosmos / int_754004a9
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_754004a9
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_754004a9
 Cosmos / int_78cdd5f6
type
"Fantastic Voyage" Plot
 Cosmos / int_78cdd5f6
comment
"Fantastic Voyage" Plot: The ship of the imagination shrinks down and flies down a bear's blood vessels to explain how polar bears evolved from brown bears. In the original series, the camera's POV dives inside one of Sagan's white blood cells, but his ship isn't actually seen to shrink.
 Cosmos / int_78cdd5f6
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_78cdd5f6
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_78cdd5f6
 Cosmos / int_791ae258
type
Eldritch Starship
 Cosmos / int_791ae258
comment
Eldritch Starship: The Ship of the Imagination. The inside looks pretty normal, just minimal—it has a chair, a viewscreen, a control console, and a video screen on the floor that Sagan activates with hand motions. The outside is shaped like a dandelion puff and glows like a lens flare.
 Cosmos / int_791ae258
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_791ae258
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_791ae258
 Cosmos / int_7abba202
type
The Faceless
 Cosmos / int_7abba202
comment
The Faceless: Robert Hooke and John Michell are only shown from the back since there are no surviving portraits from which their appearance can be determined.
 Cosmos / int_7abba202
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_7abba202
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_7abba202
 Cosmos / int_7b6e47a5
type
Armor-Piercing Question
 Cosmos / int_7b6e47a5
comment
Armor-Piercing Question: "Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors" concludes with the story of Indian emperor Ashoka the Great, who started out as a ruthless, bloodthirsty tyrant, but soon became one of the most enlightened rulers of the ancient world. As the legend goes, Ashoka was approached by a Buddhist monk holding a dead child, a victim of his violent campaign against the Kalingas, and asking "You who bring death, can you bring life to his poor boy?" This shook Ashoka to his core, and devoted the rest of his life to Buddhism.
 Cosmos / int_7b6e47a5
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_7b6e47a5
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1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_7b6e47a5
 Cosmos / int_7c4ae6b0
type
Hot Librarian
 Cosmos / int_7c4ae6b0
comment
Hot Librarian: According to contemporary reports, Hypatia, the last librarian at Alexandria.
 Cosmos / int_7c4ae6b0
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_7c4ae6b0
featureConfidence
1.0
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Cosmos / int_7c4ae6b0
 Cosmos / int_8243d94c
type
All Planets Are Earth-Like
 Cosmos / int_8243d94c
comment
All Planets Are Earth-Like: "The World Set Free" begins with the notion that Venus was once much like Earth, with oceans and a stable climate, but volcanic activity filled the atmosphere with carbon dioxide and sulphuric acid, making it the hot, inhospitable planet it is today. Tyson draws a parallel between Venus' fate and that of Earth if greenhouse gasses are not put under control; although he does mention that turning Earth into an actual Venusian hothouse is a very long shot, as Venus lost its oceans to space.
 Cosmos / int_8243d94c
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_8243d94c
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_8243d94c
 Cosmos / int_89a17726
type
Spell My Name with an S
 Cosmos / int_89a17726
comment
Spell My Name With An S: Though the episode guide spells the name "Ibn al-Haytham", Tyson consistently refers to the Arabic scientist by the Latinized form, "Alhazen".
 Cosmos / int_89a17726
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_89a17726
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_89a17726
 Cosmos / int_8a27f768
type
Space Whale
 Cosmos / int_8a27f768
comment
Space Whale: Not exactly, but it mentions that the golden record on the Voyager probe also has recordings of the songs of the whales on Earth.
 Cosmos / int_8a27f768
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_8a27f768
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_8a27f768
 Cosmos / int_8c732f20
type
Time Dilation
 Cosmos / int_8c732f20
comment
Time Dilation: A thought experiment about special relativity involving an Italian teenager on a Vespa. (What if the speed of light were 40 km/hr instead of 1.08 billion?) And it's awesome.
 Cosmos / int_8c732f20
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_8c732f20
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1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_8c732f20
 Cosmos / int_8d53c6d2
type
When Dimensions Collide
 Cosmos / int_8d53c6d2
comment
When Dimensions Collide: As part of an explanation of how we can try to visualise a 4-dimensional being, and a Shout-Out to Flatland, Sagan brings to life the 2-Dimensional 'Flatland' on a tabletop and imagines it being visited by an object from our (3D) dimension.
 Cosmos / int_8d53c6d2
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_8d53c6d2
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_8d53c6d2
 Cosmos / int_8de7402d
type
Measuring the Marigolds
 Cosmos / int_8de7402d
comment
Measuring the Marigolds: Inverted. One excellent example is in "Unafraid of the Dark", where he explains how brittle manganese nodules on the seafloor, growing over millions of years, record the history of supernovae through layers of slightly radioactive iron.
 Cosmos / int_8de7402d
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_8de7402d
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_8de7402d
 Cosmos / int_8f37640a
type
Lies to Children
 Cosmos / int_8f37640a
comment
Lies to Children: The new series presents some scientific concepts in a much more simplified way than the original did. Although the "motorcycle traveling at relativistic speed" returns, the new series doesn't discuss the Doppler effect, redshift, blueshift or length contraction, and only briefly touches on time dilation without Sagan's Tear Jerker dramatization of the Twin Paradox. The DNA molecule in episode 2 is represented as a "twisted ladder" model, rather than a spacefilling atomic model as in episode 2 of the original series. A more accurate spacefilling model of DNA is briefly seen in episode 6. Meanwhile, the DNA molecule shown in the opening sequence of the new series looks like it's made of fish bones, which bears a suspicious resemblance to the opening scene of Prometheus. An inconsistency of style is introduced by zooming in on realistic depictions of cells, but representing the enzymes involved in DNA replication and photosynthesis as machines. Although the new series mentions the quantum mechanical behavior of electrons and how they can be excited into different orbitals, electrons are still depicted as particles orbiting around the nucleus, rather than smears of probability. (By contrast, the atoms in the NOVA opening sequence from the 1980s are more accurate.) Tyson demonstrates the law of conservation of energy using a pendulum, but doesn't mention that it loses energy through friction, which is important because he segues into how nuclear reactions lose energy by emitting neutrinos.
 Cosmos / int_8f37640a
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_8f37640a
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_8f37640a
 Cosmos / int_8fc70212
type
Voice Clip Song
 Cosmos / int_8fc70212
comment
Voice Clip Song: A Glorious Dawn, by Symphony of Science, which mixes and sets a tune to scenes from Cosmos, along with Stephen Hawking's Universe. Notably, entire phrases from the respective shows are used as lyrics. It's rather awesome. And thanks to Jack White's record label Third Man, it was actually given a limited release on vinyl, with a copy of the diagram from the Voyager Golden Record etched on the backside.
 Cosmos / int_8fc70212
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_8fc70212
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_8fc70212
 Cosmos / int_912b24c4
type
Art Shift
 Cosmos / int_912b24c4
comment
Art Shift: The segments on Nikolai Vavilov in episode 4 are done in Stop Motion instead of 2-D animation.
 Cosmos / int_912b24c4
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_912b24c4
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_912b24c4
 Cosmos / int_91e894b4
type
Apocalypse How
 Cosmos / int_91e894b4
comment
Apocalypse How: "The Immortals" discusses a number of possible ways our civilization could end, starting with the more remote (asteroid collision, supervolcano eruption) and moving to the more imminent, such as climate change.
 Cosmos / int_91e894b4
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_91e894b4
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1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_91e894b4
 Cosmos / int_958a7bef
type
Layman's Terms
 Cosmos / int_958a7bef
comment
Layman's Terms: Possibly the best example among educational programs, and certainly the inspiration for nearly all the shows that have come since.
 Cosmos / int_958a7bef
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_958a7bef
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_958a7bef
 Cosmos / int_95bca4c9
type
Tuckerization
 Cosmos / int_95bca4c9
comment
Tuckerization: A segment set in the Paris 1878 Universal Exposition in "The World Set Free" features a booth for MacFarlane's Refined Lard, taking advantage of the fact that there was an actual Mcfarlane and Co. Booth advertising their refined lard at that expo.
 Cosmos / int_95bca4c9
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_95bca4c9
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_95bca4c9
 Cosmos / int_95dec9d2
type
Plant Aliens
 Cosmos / int_95dec9d2
comment
Plant Aliens: The civilization who are self-described as "We Who Survived" in the Encyclopaedia Galactica are mobile autotrophs who implement Selenium, Bromine and Chlorine in their biology (along with the ubiquitous CHON elements, of course), and engage in arithmetic poetry. Ironically, they ended up self-destructing. Just before we did.
 Cosmos / int_95dec9d2
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_95dec9d2
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_95dec9d2
 Cosmos / int_981d0040
type
Message in a Bottle
 Cosmos / int_981d0040
comment
Message in a Bottle: Sagan compares the Voyager Golden Record to this, tossed out onto "the cosmic ocean".
 Cosmos / int_981d0040
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_981d0040
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_981d0040
 Cosmos / int_985795ab
type
Medium Blending
 Cosmos / int_985795ab
comment
Medium Blending: Historical recreations in the new series are presented through animation, which saves money over the Gorgeous Period Dress of the original series.
 Cosmos / int_985795ab
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_985795ab
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_985795ab
 Cosmos / int_98591d23
type
Speech Impediment
 Cosmos / int_98591d23
comment
Speech Impediment: see Elmuh Fudd Syndwome, above — the weason Micheaw Fawaday weft schoow.
 Cosmos / int_98591d23
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_98591d23
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1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_98591d23
 Cosmos / int_988dc0fd
type
Living Gasbag
 Cosmos / int_988dc0fd
comment
Living Gasbag: In one episode, Sagan theorized that life existing on a gas giant planet such as Jupiter would be most likely to evolve into this form.
 Cosmos / int_988dc0fd
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_988dc0fd
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_988dc0fd
 Cosmos / int_9952b10b
type
Re-Release Soundtrack
 Cosmos / int_9952b10b
comment
Re-Release Soundtrack: The DVD release of Cosmos was unable to reacquire music rights for some pieces of music, such as works by Ralph Vaughan Williams and Jean-Michel Jarre, so they were replaced with new compositions by Vangelis.
 Cosmos / int_9952b10b
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_9952b10b
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1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_9952b10b
 Cosmos / int_99d5e61f
type
Speculative Documentary
 Cosmos / int_99d5e61f
comment
Speculative Documentary
 Cosmos / int_99d5e61f
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_99d5e61f
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1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_99d5e61f
 Cosmos / int_9b0f37de
type
Contemplate Our Navels
 Cosmos / int_9b0f37de
comment
Contemplate Our Navels: Sagan's entire reflection on the Pale Blue Dot photograph is narrated over an Astronomic Zoom that becomes the famous Pale Blue Dot photograph.
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AcCENT upon the Wrong SylLABle
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Accent Upon The Wrong Syllable: Carl Sagan's idiosyncratic pronunciation of the word "cosmos" - not to mention that this was the first time anyone in Britain had heard the alternative pronunciation of the planet name "Uranus" - caused much hilarity in Great Britain and was extensively parodied.
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Stealing the Credit
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Stealing the Credit: "When Knowledge Conquered Fear" portrays Robert Hooke as attempting to do this with Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica by claiming that he originated Newton's equations. In fact, Hooke doing this to Newton is what drove Newton into hiding in the first place, which is when he invented calculus. Neil commends Henry Norris Russell for not doing this to Cecilia Payne when he realized her thesis on stellar atmospheres was correct after all.
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Cosmos / int_9bb8ac92
 Cosmos / int_9d6427ec
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Time Travel
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Time Travel: Discussed in the episode on relativity and used as a Framing Device for the episode with the calendar of the universe.
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Cosmos / int_9d6427ec
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Eye Scream
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Eye Scream: Episode 9 shows how Isaac Newton used to stick a bodkin needle between his eye socket and eyeball as part of his experiments on light and color.
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Panspermia
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Panspermia: "The Immortals" discusses the possibility of life being spread across other planets. It also suggests that if life here were wiped out by a meteor, bacteria from space-borne debris could survive the trip back down and repopulate the Earth.
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Cosmos / int_a5ab6ea3
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Persecuted Intellectuals
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Persecuted Intellectuals: Discussed in the fifth episode, which depicts the Burning of Books and Burying of Scholars that took place in the Qin dynasty. Tyson points to this as one of the great dangers to science and human achievement.
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 Cosmos / int_a6a6de9a
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Humble Hero
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Humble Hero: Clair Patterson is shown as one, pointing out his habit of putting his students' names first on publications to help their careers and shunning the limelight except when forced. Michael Faraday is also said to be a man of faith and humility who worked in science for the joy of discovery rather than glory.
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Cosmos / int_a6a6de9a
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First Contact
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First Contact: The subject of episode 7, "The Search for Intelligent Life on Earth". Tyson notes that there is much concern over making contact with an advanced alien civilization, pointing out how interactions between humans of different Technology Levels often resulted in genocide; he also argues that humans have already made contact with an alien intelligence: bees, whose complex communication system has been deciphered by scientists. The episode ends with a hypothetical contact scenario, with a radio telescope picking up signals identical to the dancing patterns of bees.
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Orion Drive
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Orion Drive: Mentioned as the only presently possible way of achieving space travel at any noticeable fraction of the speed of light, and also the best use for nuclear weapons. The related Daedalus drive concept was also mentioned.
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Cosmos / int_a9b3c8ea
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Dramatic Pause
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Dramatic Pause: Incorporated into the penultimate scene, an Astronomic Zoom replicating the Pale Blue Dot photograph, to allow the audience to contemplate their place in the cosmos.
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Cosmos / int_abb9ebaa
 Cosmos / int_ad54ff39
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Hiroshima as a Unit of Measure
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Hiroshima as a Unit of Measure: The combined explosive yield of all bombs dropped during World War II was about 1 megaton of TNT. As one episode pointed out, this is the warhead yield of a single, very small hydrogen bomb. If the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a full-scale nuclear exchange, it would be like "A World War II every second, for the length of a lazy afternoon."
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Cosmos / int_ad54ff39
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P.O.V. Cam
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P.O.V. Cam: When discussing the evolution of eyes, it shows you what eyesight with that eye would look like.
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Cosmos / int_ad7a381d
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Terraforming
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Terraforming: At the end of "Blues for a Red Planet," Sagan popularized the idea of turning Mars into an Earth-like world by seeding it with (tough) plant life.
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Cosmos / int_b1a38af3
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Terrified of Germs
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Terrified of Germs: Clair Patterson seems to be initially portrayed as such the first time we see him. Later it is revealed not to be germs he is afraid of, but airborne lead particles from leaded gasoline.
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Cosmos / int_b503102e
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Take That!
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"Sisters of the Sun" has a nice Take That! to sexism before the animated segments.
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Science Hero
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Science Hero: Clair Patterson has a whole episode devoted to his heroic struggle of first figuring out the age of the Earth, and then campaigning to get lead banned from gasoline and household products, despite facing opposition at every point from oil companies and their "expert for hire" Robert Kehoe.
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This Is My Human
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This Is My Human: At the start of episode 2 Tyson explains the evolution from Savage Wolves to Big Friendly Dog (and Angry Guard Dog) when wolves with a lower amount of stress hormone domesticated humans.
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Too Dumb to Live
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Too Dumb to Live: In episode 10, Tyson gives a vivid account on the 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée in Martinique, the biggest in modern history. While there was plenty of warning of an impending eruption, the people of the city of Saint-Pierre mostly stayed behind, some because they couldn't afford to evacuate, others because they thought the lava wouldn't reach the city. Plus the mayor was about to be inaugurated, and those making preparations didn't feel there was a need to postpone it. When the eruption came, it was sudden and devastating; instead of a lava flow, a huge blast of ash and deadly gasses buried the city within minutes. The city was utterly destroyed and all its inhabitants killed saved for two. (one, Louis-Auguste Cyparis, survived by being imprisoned in a dungeon, but was left badly burned.) Tyson then suggests that life under the shadow of nuclear war isn't any different.
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The Ark
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The Ark: Used as a metaphor in "The Immortals" for the propagation of life, describing the Epic of Gilgamesh (the oldest recorded version of the Flood myth), and using this idea to discuss dandelion seeds and panspermia, the possible transportation of microbes from one planet to another via asteroid impact debris.
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Failed Future Forecast
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Failed Future Forecast: In an earlier version of the "Blues for a Red Planet" episode, there was an afterword discussing the possibility of the U.S. and the Soviet Union teaming up to explore and colonize Mars, ending with a shot of the U.S. and Soviet flags in front of a Martian landscape.
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Tear Jerker
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Although the "motorcycle traveling at relativistic speed" returns, the new series doesn't discuss the Doppler effect, redshift, blueshift or length contraction, and only briefly touches on time dilation without Sagan's Tear Jerker dramatization of the Twin Paradox.
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Precision F-Strike
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Precision F-Strike: Michael Faraday lets out a "damn!" after accidentally shocking himself on a long day of scientific failure and claps his hand over his mouth in horror. (In the 1800s the word was more serious, especially for someone profoundly religious like him.)
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Cosmos / int_bc00493f
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Isn't It Ironic?
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Isn't It Ironic?: In the third episode, "Aquarius" from Hair is used during a sequence debunking the practice of astrology.
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Big "NO!"
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Big "NO!": Played for Laughs in "The Clean Room" when someone ignores the big "keep out" sign on the lab Clair Patterson is meticulously decontaminating and ruins all his hard work to ask where the restroom is
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Science Marches On
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Science Marches On: Invoked and discussed at length. Neil explains the process Bishop Ussher used to determine that Earth is 6,000 years old (by working backwards from the death of Nebuchadnezzar), which seemed like a reasonable figure until geologists realized the Earth had to be older than that by examining rock layers before Clair Patterson arrived at the figure we use today. Also covered are the transition from the "disappearing land bridges" idea to the theory of continental drift and the vindication of Payne's discovery that the Sun is mostly hydrogen rather than having the same composition as Earth. Several times, Tyson says it's important not to feel too smug over previous' centuries ignorance because they didn't have the technological capability to observe distant planets and that science is still marching on today. In a meta-example, A Spacetime Odyssey itself was created to update the information presented in the original series, A Personal Voyage.
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Re-Cut
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Re-Cut: Later editions of Cosmos have been supplemented with material dating from after the original run of the show and even after Sagan's death—clips of the Space Shuttle, of the Exxon Valdez disaster, of the Mars rovers. In the final episode, one of the broadcasts Sagan listens to as the ship of the imagination sails back to Earth is a bulletin from the 9/11 attacks.
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Ghost Planet
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Ghost Planet: Sagan theorizes about Mars in this manner before settling into the reality.
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Shout-Out
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Shout-Out: When the series title appears at the end of the sequence, the C and S at the beginning and end of the word "Cosmos" emerge from the eye's pupil first as a tribute to Carl Sagan.
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Rags to Riches
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Rags to Riches: Joseph von Fraunhofer goes from Indentured Servitude in a glass factory to the head of Bavaria's Optical Institute. Sadly, all the toxic fumes he inhaled as a boy might have led to his early death (a fate common to glassworkers of the time). Michael Faraday, a poor man who didn't finish his elementary education, running the Royal Institution.
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The Symbiote
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The Symbiote: Episode 7 discusses how the mycelium — the underground fibers that forms the vegetative part of fungi — creates a network on the forest floor that enables communication among different plant species, allowing, for example, a tree to keep one of its seedlings from growing too big.
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Cool Starship
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Cool Starship: The Spaceship of the Imagination is pretty nifty, but a big one pops up in episode 11, launching from (somewhere that looks like) Mars and unfurling a Solar Sail.
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Self-Deprecation
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Self-Deprecation: When Michael Faraday says that scientists are noble and morally superior to tradesmen, Humphry Davy remarks that he must be the first scientist Faraday's ever met. (Also Foreshadowing, considering Davy's shabby treatment of Faraday later on.)
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Cosmos / int_c9597a03
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Hollywood Darkness
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Hollywood Darkness: Averted. The ship turns its lights on when visiting the orphan planet and the surface of Titan, which are both otherwise very dark places.
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Space Is Noisy
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Space Is Noisy: Even in a science show. When one asteroid bumps into another asteroid in "The Clean Room", there is an audible "thump" sound. When "Sisters of the Sun" is explaining how the Sun will eventually expand into a red giant and destroy Mercury and Venus, those planets explode with audible booms.
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Cassandra Truth
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Cassandra Truth: The myth of Cassandra, how Apollo cursed her with prophesies that no one would believe, is told in “Coming of Age in the Anthropocene”, and is compared to how scientific predictions of climate change were, and still are, dismissed by many.
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Mundane Made Awesome
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Mundane Made Awesome: Clair Patterson turning on a mass spectrometer and doing some calculations with a slide rule is given a stirring soundtrack that builds up to a dramatic climax... routine scientific activities with a fantastic context. The inside of the spectrometer is shown dividing up and measuring the atoms, and the calculations are for the age of the Earth, which had never before been scientifically measured.
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What the Hell, Hero?
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What the Hell, Hero?: Sagan clearly reveres the Greek scholars whose work was stored in the Library of Alexandria, but in the last episode he points out that there is no record of them ever questioning the society they lived in, particularly the institution of slavery, which he calls "the cancer of the ancient world." In the fourth episode, while discussing the crackpot theories of Immanuel Velikovskynote For the uninitiated, Velikovsky claimed in his book Worlds in Collision that Venus was originally ejected from Jupiter somewhere around 2000 BCE and subsequently made repeated close encounters with the Earth-Moon system, resulting in many of the strange events described in The Bible, before finally settling into its current stable orbit around the Sun. Needless to say, these claims are almost certainly wrong for a multitude of reasons - among them, the distances involved making the chance of multiple near-collisions between the two planets in such a short period of time virtually zero, the vastly different chemical compositions of Venus and Jupiter, the lack of any energy source in Jupiter to eject planets, the unlikelihood of a rogue celestial body stopping and then restarting Earth's rotation, Babylonian star charts showing Venus in its present stable orbit 1,000 years before Velikovsky claims it was formed, et cetera., Sagan states that the worst aspect of the whole affair wasn't that Velikovsky's theories were wrong or in gross contradiction to established facts, but rather that some scientists attempted to outright suppress his ideas instead of engaging in proper debate.
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Automobiles Are Alien
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Automobiles Are Alien: There's one part in which we zoom on Earth from an alien perspective and stop when cars can be discerned. They're considered as possible lifeforms, humans being suggested to be parasites required by them to start moving.
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History Repeats
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History Repeats: In a heartwarming example. Faraday got the attention of Humphry Davy by sending him a book of notes he'd made on Davy's demonstration. Later in life, we see Faraday imagining his younger self standing in front of his desk—once Davy's desk—as he's about to open a dissertation by his young fan (James Clerk Maxwell) expanding on his own theories. Tyson also notes that the scientific method has been invented at least twice, by Mozi in ancient China and Ibn Al-Haytham in the medieval Islamic world.
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Humans Are Special
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Humans Are Special: Averted in the seventh episode, "The Search for Intelligent Life on Earth" which shows that trees, bees, and tardigrades each possess traits that humans like to think are unique to them. Trees have knowledge of chemistry and entomology; bees have politics, language, and a great understanding of mathematics; and tardigrades show affection for each other in the form of snuggling. This trope is averted again in the eleventh episode, "Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors" where Tyson looks at various traits that humans believe make us special (making art, using tools, having complex social structures, etc.) and then shows various animals that can do them too. Tyson concludes that the only trait unique to humans is our "neurotic need to feel special."
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Historical Villain Upgrade
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Historical Villain Upgrade: One episode features Robert Hooke and discusses his numerous accomplishments, but the episode devotes more focus to his rivalry with Isaac Newton, where he comes off largely as a windbag trying to take credit for Newton and Halley's work. Similarly, Sir Humphry Davy's relationship with Michael Faraday is simplified to that of a master resentful of his talented apprentice. Davy at one point called Faraday his greatest discovery, and the attempt to reproduce von Fraunhofer's optical glass was also backed by the British government, not solely Davy acting out of professional jealousy (and Faraday didn't quit it until a few years after Davy's death). That said, the episode also leaves out the time where Davy brought Faraday on a long tour of Europe as a valet, during which time Faraday was frequently mistreated by Mrs. Davy, or Davy's spurious accusations of plagiarism over the electric motor.
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Descended Creator
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Descended Creator: Seth MacFarlane voiced Harry S. Truman in episode 4, "Vavilov" and episode 10, "A Tale of Two Atoms".
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One World Order
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One World Order: Played with. While Carl Sagan points out the folly of radical, fanatical nationalism compared to loyalty to the species, planet and cosmos, there's never really any call to a unified world government, rather hoping for the world to cooperate better. Neither does he treat humanity as a mere amorphous mass, acknowledging diversity in its myriad cultures, nations and communities while encouraging that same diversity to work together.
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Determinator
 Cosmos / int_e567510d
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Determinator: Clair Patterson is portrayed as one. No matter how hard it is to decontaminate his lab so that he gets accurate results, he spends six years at what was supposed to be little more than a graduate school project, and then the rest of his life campaigning against leaded gasoline, despite the oil companies doing everything in their power to discredit him.
 Cosmos / int_e567510d
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1.0
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_e567510d
 Cosmos / int_e9a405c7
type
Ram Scoop
 Cosmos / int_e9a405c7
comment
Ramscoop: Mentioned shortly after the Orion Drive, as a possible means of circumnavigating the universe within a (subjective) human lifetime. (The limitations of the Bussard drive, such as the drag problem, were not addressed.)
 Cosmos / int_e9a405c7
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_e9a405c7
featureConfidence
1.0
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Cosmos / int_e9a405c7
 Cosmos / int_ecf4f7ce
type
Constantly Curious
 Cosmos / int_ecf4f7ce
comment
Constantly Curious: Possibly the reason this show became so popular was its ability to be understood by children.
 Cosmos / int_ecf4f7ce
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_ecf4f7ce
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_ecf4f7ce
 Cosmos / int_ed358a04
type
Jidaigeki
 Cosmos / int_ed358a04
comment
Jidaigeki: A recreation of the era when it's explored how the artificial selection of crabs happened due to a random resemblance to a fallen samurai.
 Cosmos / int_ed358a04
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_ed358a04
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_ed358a04
 Cosmos / int_ed503b22
type
Match Cut
 Cosmos / int_ed503b22
comment
Match Cut: The first scene of the first episode ends with Sagan letting a daffodil blossom fly off into the wind. The show then cuts to an animation of the Ship of the Imagination flying through space. The montage that ends the series contains several match cuts, such as a recreation of a medieval scholar writing with a quill pen, cutting to a modern scientist tapping away on a keyboard. The opening credits of the 2014 version include several match cuts, such as from a crater to the pupil of a human eye and from a spiral galaxy to the spiral of a nautilus shell.
 Cosmos / int_ed503b22
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_ed503b22
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_ed503b22
 Cosmos / int_ee8451b
type
Nightmare Retardant
 Cosmos / int_ee8451b
comment
Nightmare Retardant: In "Sisters of the Sun", Tyson goes into detail about the catastrophic consequences that the death of the supergiant star Eta Carinae will have for any planets too close, even ones in another star system, and points out that for all we know, the star may have already exploded. He then says that he knows that the viewers are now worried about what will happen to Earth, and then reassures them that we on Earth are perfectly safe, because we are far enough away from Eta Carinae that even if we saw it go hypernova tomorrow, all we would get out of it is a nice light show. In "The Immortals", he also dismisses worries that a regular old supernova will end civilization because there aren't any potential supernova stars close enough.
 Cosmos / int_ee8451b
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_ee8451b
featureConfidence
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 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_ee8451b
 Cosmos / int_eef90616
type
Bread, Eggs, Milk, Squick
 Cosmos / int_eef90616
comment
Bread, Eggs, Milk, Squick: In Episode 5, after talking about the governmental accomplishments of the Chinese emperor Qin Shihuangdi, Tyson adds that Qin also completely suppressed original thought, burned all books that disagreed with his philosophy, acted like a totalitarian dictator, and probably set the human race back a thousand years by silencing the disciples of Mozi, who had a viewpoint similar to the modern scientific method.
 Cosmos / int_eef90616
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_eef90616
featureConfidence
1.0
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Cosmos / int_eef90616
 Cosmos / int_f01a1b71
type
Insignificant Little Blue Planet
 Cosmos / int_f01a1b71
comment
Insignificant Little Blue Planet: When discussing the final photo of the entire solar system by Voyager 1, Sagan shows us the Earth as a single pixel in a huge image. However, he goes out of his way to mention that Earth is special due to the presence of life.
 Cosmos / int_f01a1b71
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_f01a1b71
featureConfidence
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Cosmos / int_f01a1b71
 Cosmos / int_f0982bbf
type
Aliens Steal Cable
 Cosmos / int_f0982bbf
comment
Aliens Steal Cable: Discussed in "The Immortals", which also suggests that if there are broadcasts from alien civilizations, they may either have been missed or can't be detected by modern technology.
 Cosmos / int_f0982bbf
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_f0982bbf
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_f0982bbf
 Cosmos / int_f23ad6de
type
Food Porn
 Cosmos / int_f23ad6de
comment
Food Porn: The apple pie sequence at the beginning of "The Lives of the Stars".
 Cosmos / int_f23ad6de
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_f23ad6de
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_f23ad6de
 Cosmos / int_f2b03c88
type
Indentured Servitude
 Cosmos / int_f2b03c88
comment
Joseph von Fraunhofer goes from Indentured Servitude in a glass factory to the head of Bavaria's Optical Institute. Sadly, all the toxic fumes he inhaled as a boy might have led to his early death (a fate common to glassworkers of the time).
 Cosmos / int_f2b03c88
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_f2b03c88
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Cosmos / int_f2b03c88
 Cosmos / int_f68664dc
type
Science Is Bad
 Cosmos / int_f68664dc
comment
Science Is Bad, Science Is Wrong: Strongly and intentionally debunked.
 Cosmos / int_f68664dc
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_f68664dc
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_f68664dc
 Cosmos / int_f9f2c33
type
Running Gag
 Cosmos / int_f9f2c33
comment
Running Gag: Clair Patterson's workspace or samples getting contaminated by careless people.
 Cosmos / int_f9f2c33
featureApplicability
1.0
 Cosmos / int_f9f2c33
featureConfidence
1.0
 Cosmos
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Cosmos / int_f9f2c33
 Cosmos / int_fea27091
type
Buffy Speak
 Cosmos / int_fea27091
comment
Buffy Speak: Tyson re-uses phrases such as "star stuff" from the original series.
 Cosmos / int_fea27091
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1.0
 Cosmos / int_fea27091
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1.0
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Cosmos / int_fea27091
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ItemName
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Cosmos

The following is a list of statements referring to the current page from other pages.

 Cosmos
hasFeature
And the Adventure Continues / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Astronomic Zoom / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Automobiles Are Alien / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Butterfly of Doom / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Celeb Crush / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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History Repeats / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Hobo Gloves / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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In Your Nature to Destroy Yourselves / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Instrumental Theme Tune / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Match Cut / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Measuring the Marigolds / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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P.O.V. Cam / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Precision Crash / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Progressive Era Montage / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Puny Earthlings / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Rags to Riches / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Real Song Theme Tune / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Rhetorical Request Blunder / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Science Hero / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Shiny-Looking Spaceships / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Speculative Biology / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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TV Documentary / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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Terraform / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
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The Ark / int_23b9cc11
 The Millennium Age of Animation
seeAlso
Cosmos
 Cosmos
hasFeature
The World Is Just Awesome / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Venus Is Wet / int_23b9cc11
 Cosmos
hasFeature
Video Inside, Film Outside / int_23b9cc11