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Thirteen Days

417 statements
81 feature instances
50 referencing feature instances

Thirteen Days	type	TVTItem
Thirteen Days	label	Thirteen Days
Thirteen Days	page	ThirteenDays
Thirteen Days	comment	Thirteen Days is a 2000 drama film directed by Roger Donaldson about the Cuban Missile Crisis, shown primarily from the point of view of President John F. Kennedy (Bruce Greenwood) and his senior advisers, including Kenny O'Donnell (Kevin Costner) and Robert F. Kennedy (Steven Culp).On an uneventful morning in October 1962, during President Kennedy's term in office, a series of disturbing photographs are brought before the administration. U2 spy plane coverage reveals that the Soviet Union has started to deploy offensive nuclear weapons in Cuba in secret.The military brass advocates swift intervention by the Army to eliminate the threat to U.S. national security, but the more levelheaded Kennedy initiates a quarantine of Cuba to prevent more Soviet nukes from coming in while retaining the option for diplomacy. While the generals try to arrange a war and the Soviets try to run the blockade, Jack, Bobby, and Kenny have to maneuver the political field to keep the crisis from escalating into all-out nuclear warfare.
Thirteen Days	fetched	2024-02-26T06:02:07Z
Thirteen Days	parsed	2024-02-26T06:02:08Z
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Thirteen Days	processingUnknown	Calm Before the Storm
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Thirteen Days / int_124469cb	type	Diplomatic Back Channel
Thirteen Days / int_124469cb	comment	Diplomatic Back Channel: After the crisis has been building for several days, the Kennedy administration is approached by John Scali of ABC News who has a message from Alexander Fomin, the Soviet embassy's Diplomatic Cover Spy posted as a consul. After getting the message, Jack sends Kenny O'Donnell to the FBI to see if he can dig up anything on this guy. Eventually, they figure he and Khrushyev were war buddies and this is an attempt by Khrushyev to feel out a possible deal to end the crisis.
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Thirteen Days / int_1320d787	type	Playing Sick
Thirteen Days / int_1320d787	comment	Playing Sick: Kennedy has to do this to get away from Chicago so he can get back to Washington and deal with the crisis.
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Thirteen Days / int_1439161f	type	Heroic BSoD
Thirteen Days / int_1439161f	comment	Heroic BSoD: Discussed. After an early meeting about how to react to the missile threat.
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Thirteen Days / int_17fc8b9c	type	Storyboarding the Apocalypse
Thirteen Days / int_17fc8b9c	comment	Storyboarding the Apocalypse: See the page quote. Kennedy uses this to illustrate just how easily the whole thing could end very badly for everyone.
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Thirteen Days / int_1adcd502	type	Sins of Our Fathers
Thirteen Days / int_1adcd502	comment	Sins of Our Fathers: The fact that Jack and Bobby's father is Joseph P. Kennedy, who was ambassador to Britain on the eve of World War II and was a major advocate of the policy of appeasement towards Nazi Germany, is used several times in the movie by those who wanted a tougher stance made on the Soviets and thought that Kennedy was being too soft.
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Thirteen Days / int_1dfbbf31	type	Heterosexual Life-Partners
Thirteen Days / int_1dfbbf31	comment	Heterosexual Life-Partners: Kenny and the Kennedy brothers.
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Thirteen Days / int_1eed1d03	type	Anti-Air
Thirteen Days / int_1eed1d03	comment	Anti-Air: Comes into play at two points. First when the Navy begins making low-altitude photo passes over Cuba. To keep it so that the Russians did not shoot at them, because if the planes were shot at by Russian forces it would have to be taken as an attack that would require a declaration of war, the planes come back riddled with "birdstrikes." The second instance is when Major Anderson is shot down.
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Thirteen Days / int_2493b31d	type	Fire-Forged Friends
Thirteen Days / int_2493b31d	comment	Fire-Forged Friends: When a senior KGB official makes a back channel peace offer allegedly from Khrushchev, the Americans have to decide if it is genuine. They decide it is on finding evidence that the two served together during WW2.
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Thirteen Days / int_272abb98	type	Shoot the Shaggy Dog
Thirteen Days / int_272abb98	comment	Shoot the Shaggy Dog: Discussed — Bobby at one point explains the rather detailed process of how important government officials and their families would be evacuated from Washington should missile launch be detected in Cuba, then ends with this:
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Thirteen Days / int_2c1f1138	type	He Who Fights Monsters
Thirteen Days / int_2c1f1138	comment	He Who Fights Monsters: Dean Acheson, one of Kennedy's advisors, saying that the country's been "at war with the Russkies for twenty years," advises Kennedy to deal with the Cuban Missile Crisis, essentially, by invading Cuba and hoping that Russia doesn't have the nerve to let the retaliation lead up to nuclear war. His justification was that "the only thing [the Russians] understand is force." In real life, Acheson was a tad bit more moderate, with this reasoning more in line with colleague Curtis LeMay.
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Thirteen Days / int_2c3e4769	type	No-Harm Requirement
Thirteen Days / int_2c3e4769	comment	No-Harm Requirement: During the Cuban Missile Crisis as the Naval Blockade around Cuba goes into effect, the destroyer USS Pierce is suddenly confronted by a Soviet submarine sent to escort the freighters past the blockade. The Pierce can't intercept the freighters without exposing itself to the sub. President Kennedy contacts the destroyer's skipper personally and asks if he can force the sub to the surface without damaging it, since they're trying to keep a war from starting. He responds they can get it to the surface, but whether it's damaged is up to the sub. Kennedy then orders him to force it up. But then the flow of Soviets ships declines, and Kennedy cancels the order.
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Thirteen Days / int_3441859b	type	Rank Scales with Asskicking
Thirteen Days / int_3441859b	comment	The Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral Anderson, while at the Pentagon monitoring the cargo ships is at first downright condescending to his civilian boss, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara. However, as Rank Scales with Asskicking this gets reversed.
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Thirteen Days / int_3994d78b	type	Irrevocable Order
Thirteen Days / int_3994d78b	comment	Irrevocable Order: Discussed — President Kennedy uses the example of the just-published The Guns of August talking about the lead-up to World War I. He notes of how all the major powers had detailed war plans ready to go long before August 1914, but that those plans were outdated because the theories and tactics utilized were based on the last war. But it was all they knew so the orders went out, couldn't be rescinded, and hundreds of thousands of lives were wasted on a four-year stalemate.
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Thirteen Days / int_3bc88a7f	type	Foregone Conclusion
Thirteen Days / int_3bc88a7f	comment	Foregone Conclusion: The fact the earth wasn't reduced to a smoldering and radioactive charcoal briquette in 1962 should tell everyone how this is going to play out.
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Thirteen Days / int_3e8d9cd3	type	Historical Hero Upgrade
Thirteen Days / int_3e8d9cd3	comment	Historical Hero Upgrade: The film was criticized by historians and then still-living members of Kennedy's administration because the movie intensely exaggerates the role that Kenny O'Donnell played in preventing the crisis from escalating. The chief agent in the American government who pulled the administration together during the crisis was in fact Ted Sorensen, who's instead relegated to such a minor role that he's barely noticeable.
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Thirteen Days / int_3ea947ec	type	Running the Blockade
Thirteen Days / int_3ea947ec	comment	Running the Blockade: After Kennedy institutes a "quarantine" around Cuba, the Soviets, not really knowing what to do, decide to send their freighters through anyway. At least one of them slips past the Navy at some point before being spotted again.
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Thirteen Days / int_40bb59d0	type	Blatant Lies
Thirteen Days / int_40bb59d0	comment	Blatant Lies: Subverted in a diplomatic meeting between the Soviet ambassador and President Kennedy, where the Soviets seem to lie right through their teeth when Kennedy asks them point blank if they are placing offensive weapons in Cuba. In fact the Soviets regard the missiles they're introducing in Cuba as defensive in nature, given their fears of a NATO first-strike and avowed second-use-only policy, but introducing the missiles so drastically reduces the USA's advantage that the Americans simply cannot tolerate it. An obviously bullet-riddled airplane is claimed to have run into a "flock of sparrows."
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Thirteen Days / int_4856ac40	type	Stock Footage
Thirteen Days / int_4856ac40	comment	Stock Footage: Because nothing sets a mood like vintage shots of exploding nukes.
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Thirteen Days / int_4f6cf75	type	Mirroring Factions
Thirteen Days / int_4f6cf75	comment	Mirroring Factions: Although we don't see much of the Soviet side of things, it's implied that Khrushchev is having to deal with a lot of the same problems — including a rather hot-headed faction of hardliners who are a bit too eager for shooting to start — that Kennedy is dealing with. A humorous example occurs when ExComm is reviewing a message from Khrushchev, at the height of the crisis:
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Thirteen Days / int_51d8f2e3	type	Not-So-Omniscient Council of Bickering
Thirteen Days / int_51d8f2e3	comment	Not-So-Omniscient Council of Bickering: The UN. As great as Adlai Stevenson's line to Zorin was, this was mostly political posturing. If the shooting had really started, there wouldn't be much the UN or anyone else could do about it. The biggest impact it had was in morale and propaganda — up to this point, the Soviets had been presenting their actions in Cuba as a purely defensive operation, an argument that was more difficult to make once the missile sites became publicly known. Stevenson's speech gave the US additional political cover to keep the blockade and the subsequent pressure at the bargaining table with the Soviets.
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Thirteen Days / int_56863152	type	Operation: [Blank]
Thirteen Days / int_56863152	comment	Operation: [Blank]: The press gets hold of an Operation Ortsac in Puerto Rico, which is just Castro spelled backwards.
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Thirteen Days / int_58962105	type	White-and-Grey Morality
Thirteen Days / int_58962105	comment	White-and-Grey Morality: Kenny, Bobby, and JFK are the most traditional heroes, being inspiring if pragmatic figures. The Soviets don't want a war to start either, but like the Americans find themselves forced into an escalating crisis which they can't stop by themselves. The greys are the military hardliners, but even they are Well Intentioned Extremists who believe they're doing the right thing.
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Thirteen Days / int_599c74ea	type	Zero-Approval Gambit
Thirteen Days / int_599c74ea	comment	Zero-Approval Gambit: Discussed. Most of Ex-Comm, including Kenny, was opposed to trading away the US missiles in Turkey in exchange for the removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba. Both Kennedys, though, wanted to do it as the deadline to the beginning of military action against Cuba drew closer. Kenny, in a rather heated exchange with Bobby, argues it would just lead to the Soviets forcing trade after trade until they demand something untradable like Berlin, by which point war would break out anyway. Adlai Stevenson was the only member of Ex-Comm that continually brought up the idea of a diplomatic solution before the decision to blockade Cuba was set, even though it makes him seem like a pushover weakling. He is well aware that he was committing political suicide by continuing to talk of diplomacy when no one else was, lampshading it himself when he first brings up the idea of a trade (give away Guantanamo Bay and the US missiles in Turkey) by remarking that someone should be the coward and it may as well be him.
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Thirteen Days / int_5a100b90	type	Puppet King
Thirteen Days / int_5a100b90	comment	Comes up when the Kennedy White House receives two letters from the Soviets, one from Nikita Khrushchev himself in the middle of the night with several errors and indicating a stressed out premier, and a later one the next day which is much more hardline and more official. U.S. officials come to the conclusion that either: 1) the Soviet Union has had a coup and Khrushchev had been replaced with a far more militant government; or 2) he has become a Puppet King for the hardliners in his government, which just amounts to the same thing anyway. Eventually they figure out that there wasn't one: Khrushchev is just trying to appease the warmongers and General Rippers in his own government.
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Thirteen Days / int_5e7642df	type	State Visit
Thirteen Days / int_5e7642df	comment	State Visit: As the crisis occurs during the runup to the 1962 midterm elections, President Kennedy is scheduled to make a number of appearances around the country. Since they're trying to keep a lip on the situation until they have a response ready, they hold to the schedule, which leads to conflicts with Jack, who wants to stay in Washington to monitor the situation.
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Thirteen Days / int_5f52cfcf	type	Intrepid Reporter
Thirteen Days / int_5f52cfcf	comment	Intrepid Reporter: An early obstacle for the White House when they want to keep the fact that they know about the missile sites out of the public's knowledge until Kennedy himself can announce it on TV — having the story break before a course of action is decided upon would cause a great deal of public chaos and ruin the administration's surprise advantage. However, it's quite difficult to hide the fact that your own military is conducting a previously unannounced military exercise in Puerto Rico or the troop movements that disrupt rail schedules all across the Southeast, especially in a country with the First Amendment. This comes to a head when the New York Times is about to blow the lid off on the missiles before Kennedy can announce the US government's action. Jack is able to get the editor to hold off by telling him to tell his writers that they would be saving lives, including their own.
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Thirteen Days / int_66925086	type	Monochrome to Color
Thirteen Days / int_66925086	comment	Monochrome to Color: The film has a number of scenes which are black-and-white, as much of the news coverage of the day was, and one sequence has Jack and Bobby Kennedy and Kenny O'Donnell discussing their dire situation in monochrome, then as they march to the Situation Room to begin dealing with it the color fades in.
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Thirteen Days / int_680f950	type	Gilligan Cut
Thirteen Days / int_680f950	comment	Gilligan Cut: At one point Jack and Kenny are arguing about Jack's schedule:
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Thirteen Days / int_69065de	type	Naval Blockade
Thirteen Days / int_69065de	comment	Naval Blockade: Kennedy goes with this instead of an airstrike to deal with ships carrying missiles to Cuba. Since a blockade is technically an act of war, they decide to call it a quarantine.
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Thirteen Days / int_6c46615c	type	Talking through Technique
Thirteen Days / int_6c46615c	comment	Talking through Technique: Provides the page quote for a reason — both sides could not rely on official diplomatic communications alone to get their messages across due to both the speed of events unfolding as well as each side having so many other parties to muddy up the message (see Authority in Name Only above). Directly referenced by Defense Secretary McNamara in arguing with Admiral Anderson over the firing of star shells (McNamara had mistakenly believed the US Navy was firing on the cargo ship Grozny itself, rather than what amounted to warning shots):
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Thirteen Days / int_72856b70	type	Godzilla Threshold
Thirteen Days / int_72856b70	comment	Godzilla Threshold: Interestingly played with. Nobody in ExComm is even considering a quarantine of Cuba the first few days of the crisis and instead advocate either air strikes or an outright invasion, which will almost assuredly lead to a NATO-Warsaw Pact conflict and nuclear war. It's only after Bobby spends hours grilling his associates and is at his wits ends that McNamara finally relents and brings the plan forward. Despite its obvious drawbacks (it doesn't get rid of the missiles already in Cuba, it puts the Soviet military machine on high alert about a possible attack, etc.), it proves to be the best strategy to deal with the crisis. A more straight example are the airstrikes themselves. Kennedy balks at the option because it makes a Soviet retaliation against NATO all but inevitable. It's not until it appears that Krushchev has been replaced with a hardline Soviet government that will continue lying to them and he receives word that the first missiles have become operational that he very reluctantly issues orders for an invasion and bombing campaign of Cuba.
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Thirteen Days / int_7870735b	type	From Bad to Worse
Thirteen Days / int_7870735b	comment	From Bad to Worse: The last third of the movie is basically a series of these. Alluded to by name by Bobby when the situation starts spiraling down. Ultimately subverted when the Americans discover they were misinterpreting the recent events and things are not nearly as bad as they seemed at first.
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Thirteen Days / int_7d44b017	type	Balance of Power
Thirteen Days / int_7d44b017	comment	Balance of Power: One of the main reasons not to start shooting — neither side wants to take a risky action until they have all the cards they believe they can gather in their hand. The A and B are the US and Soviet Union, and plenty of C's and D's play various roles as well — Cuba and Italy/Turkey are hosting missile sites near one of the superpowers on behalf of the other, and the Organization of American States (for the US) and the Warsaw Pact members at the UN Security Council meeting (for the Soviet Union, embodied by Romania in the film) show their diplomatic support for the US and Soviet Union in the crisis via votes and speeches.
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Thirteen Days / int_80133ca4	type	Trial Balloon Question
Thirteen Days / int_80133ca4	comment	Trial Balloon Question: With the blockade just put into effect and tension ratcheting up, Kennedy floats the idea of trading away US missiles in Turkey in exchange for the Soviets removing the missiles in Cuba. Even though this is done via the opinion section of the Washington Post through a willing third-party writer in Walter Lippmann, it's obvious to those in the know the President was behind it, and tempers flare even further.
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Thirteen Days / int_8bce92b0	type	Buzzing the Deck
Thirteen Days / int_8bce92b0	comment	Buzzing the Deck: A pair of fighter jets are seen buzzing a Soviet freighter that made it past the blockade.
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Thirteen Days / int_8d0785d5	type	Didn't Think This Through
Thirteen Days / int_8d0785d5	comment	Didn't Think This Through: Kennedy felt this way about the airstrike action in dealing with the missile sites. His reaction to being told by his military advisors that, after such airstrikes the Soviet response would be to do nothing, was to repeat "Nothing?!" in an incredulous tone of voice that he is expected to believe the absurd idea that the Soviets would simply sit on their hands after their enemy commits a blatant act of war: Even the hawks advocating military responses seem to have this thought nagging through their heads as they argue, at separate times, that the only option left for the Soviets in response to US airstrikes would be one they couldn't take and that escalation in response to a US invasion of Cuba would be stopped by cooler heads before "that next step."
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Thirteen Days / int_8d6ecc32	type	Dropped-in Speech Clip
Thirteen Days / int_8d6ecc32	comment	Dropped-in Speech Clip: The final lines of the film are clips from John F. Kennedy's "A Strategy of Peace" speech, speaking about the common human desire for peace.
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Thirteen Days / int_92e0fc5c	type	Hotline
Thirteen Days / int_92e0fc5c	comment	Hotline: Averted. The Hot Line did not exist at the time (in fact it was created as a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis), with messages going by coded telegram. This resulted (as in the film), in the US spending 12 hours decrypting Khrushchev's offer to remove the missiles in return for the US not invading Cuba. While doing that, a second message arrived, being more threatening, demanding that the US remove missiles from Turkey in exchange for the USSR doing the same in Cuba. ExComm thought about it, accepted the first offer and accepted the second discreetly later.
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Thirteen Days / int_997d5872	type	"Ass" in Ambassador
Thirteen Days / int_997d5872	comment	"Ass" in Ambassador: Subverted; everyone thinks that Adlai Stevenson is too weak to stand up to the Soviets, and he initially gives this impression (he is the first one in the movie to suggest a trade with the Soviets to get the missiles out and is probably the only guy in the know that continues to advocate diplomacy when everyone else is looking at immediate retaliatory action), but he soon proves them wrong. Ambassador Zorin, and the other bloc diplomats provide a more straight example.
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Thirteen Days / int_9d12bbc1	type	Foreshadowing
Thirteen Days / int_9d12bbc1	comment	Foreshadowing: The early scene where O'Donnell was nearly tricked into signing his son's bad report card thanks to his rushed morning situation until he took a closer look becomes a major theme for the missile crisis itself for the Kennedy administration, namely having to actively stop and think through each decision when the outside situation was pressuring them into defaulting to the standard behavior which risked ending in utter disaster.
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Thirteen Days / int_a27c0c2c	type	Artistic License â€“ Religion
Thirteen Days / int_a27c0c2c	comment	Artistic License â€“ Religion: O'Donnell and his family are shown having breakfast before Mass; Catholics are supposed to not consume anything other than water or medicine before receiving the Eucharist.
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Thirteen Days / int_a4c37cbe	type	Mood Whiplash
Thirteen Days / int_a4c37cbe	comment	Mood Whiplash: The jubilation of the White House celebration after things have settled down is undercut moments later when President Kennedy excuses himself and proceeds to solemnly dictate a letter of condolence to the family of the pilot who was shot down and killed during the crisis.
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Thirteen Days / int_a5398aba	type	Authority in Name Only
Thirteen Days / int_a5398aba	comment	Authority in Name Only: A major plotline of the movie is just how much (or little) control over the complex system known as the United States government President Kennedy actually has. This is most apparent in his dealings with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, best summarized by this exchange (Kennedy has just been informed that SAC has gone to DEFCON 2, when he only wanted to elevate the DEFCON level to 3): Another example is the US continuing to test both nuclear weapons and missiles in the midst of the crisis (due to the White House neglecting to put a stop to it), making the US seem like the aggressor. There are also several instances where other figures opine that they think Kennedy is too soft, not only from the Joint Chiefs but also from within his own administration and later Congress. Speaking of the Joint Chiefs. Taylor is the chairman, but you'd swear that LeMay was the real leader, judging by how he's portrayed. Having President Kennedy at least appear to have some control over the situation (even beyond the US military) is one of O'Donnell's biggest concerns. Prior to the speech announcing the US quarantine, Kennedy is agitated having just stormed out of a contentious meeting with Congressional leaders over the quarantine (many of them wanted stronger action, i.e. air strikes) and the impending TV broadcast isn't calming him down at all.
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Thirteen Days / int_a6467db	type	Landing Gear Shot
Thirteen Days / int_a6467db	comment	Landing Gear Shot: An undercarriage shot of a B-52 taking off is used to mark when DEFCON 2 had been ordered.
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Thirteen Days / int_a67b86a7	type	General Ripper
Thirteen Days / int_a67b86a7	comment	General Ripper: Chief of Staff of the Air Force General Curtis LeMay seems awfully eager for shooting to start — and yes, he really was like that. He cut his teeth killing Japanese civilians for Freedom. Although he's probably the most prominent example, in general the high-up military leaders are commonly depicted as Cold Warriors with an eagerness to fight the Soviets and slightly-too-itchy trigger fingers. The real General â€œBombs Awayâ€� LeMay was the inspiration for George C Scottâ€™s character in Dr. Strangelove, to give everyone an idea of how crazy he was. And yes, that was his real nickname. The Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral Anderson, while at the Pentagon monitoring the cargo ships is at first downright condescending to his civilian boss, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara. However, as Rank Scales with Asskicking this gets reversed.
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Thirteen Days / int_ac320c0e	type	Nuke 'em
Thirteen Days / int_ac320c0e	comment	Nuke 'em: About as close as we ever came to it.
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Thirteen Days / int_ae3d6438	type	Deadpan Snarker
Thirteen Days / int_ae3d6438	comment	Deadpan Snarker: Margaret, the White House operator.
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Thirteen Days / int_b39abd04	type	The Whole World Is Watching
Thirteen Days / int_b39abd04	comment	The Whole World Is Watching: While the placement of Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba is kept on the downlow at first, after the administration goes public with the information they have, the entire crisis takes center stage in the world theatre, best demonstrated by the confrontation between US Ambassador Stevenson and Soviet Ambassador Zorin at the United Nations.
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Thirteen Days / int_ba0b808e	type	Tantrum Throwing
Thirteen Days / int_ba0b808e	comment	Tantrum Throwing: Jack has a couple scenes of this, one when he finds out someone ordered DEFCON 2 without his consent, he doesn't actually throw things, but probably would have if he'd been holding something, and another when he finds out that the Russian missiles have become operational making immediate action required. He throws the report across the room in this case.
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Thirteen Days / int_c00afbbd	type	With Due Respect
Thirteen Days / int_c00afbbd	comment	With Due Respect: The Admiral gets into a heated argument over the "shots" he ordered fired at the Soviet ships with his civilian superior, Defense Secretary McNamara. The Admiral prefaces his argument with this, while clearly being condescending to him.
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Thirteen Days / int_c222dde4	type	TakingAThirdOption
Thirteen Days / int_c222dde4	comment	Taking a Third Option: Many of the decisions pursued by Kennedy boil down to avoiding an either/or mentality that seems to pervade through the thinking of the hawkish elements of the administration. For instance, a blockade was not even considered as an option initially — the first day that Kennedy was notified of the missiles' existence, the options that were discussed were international pressure or an airstrike.
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Thirteen Days / int_c313d43a	type	True Companions
Thirteen Days / int_c313d43a	comment	True Companions: "You've never understood us, your kind — we've been fighting with each other our whole lives, but nobody plays us off each other, and nobody ever, ever gets between us!"
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Thirteen Days / int_c3c18143	type	Hope Spot
Thirteen Days / int_c3c18143	comment	Hope Spot: Khrushchev sends a back-channel negotiator to probe the possibility of a deal, then sends a letter offering a way out of the crisis. Before the night is out, however, another message arrives with a much more hard-line tone that sends the situation spiraling down again. Subverted, however, in that after a lot of debate and hand-wringing, the Americans eventually decide that the first message was the genuine message, and the second was merely political posturing on Khrushchev's part in order to satisfy his own hard liners; they ignore the second message and respond to the first, with good results.
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Thirteen Days / int_c4286511	type	For Doom the Bell Tolls
Thirteen Days / int_c4286511	comment	For Doom the Bell Tolls: The score has a bell tolling as Kenny is informed that a U-2 has been shot down with the pilot presumed killed.
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Thirteen Days / int_c7d86fbe	type	Plausible Deniability
Thirteen Days / int_c7d86fbe	comment	Plausible Deniability: Exploited at several points (by both the US and Soviets) in order to maintain a publicly strong stand against the other while trying to find a common ground with which they can agree to via diplomatic backchannels (see Kennedy's Trial Balloon Question below). It plays a critical role in the final agreement to step away from the brink — for political reasons the US cannot explicitly link the withdrawal of their Jupiter missiles in Turkey to the removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba. However, by withdrawing the missiles six months later and noting that the Jupiter missiles are already obsolete and have been scheduled for withdrawal before all this went down, Kennedy can still offer the missiles as an exchange for Khrushchev to placate his own hardliners.
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Thirteen Days / int_d028ca10	type	Deliberately Monochrome
Thirteen Days / int_d028ca10	comment	Deliberately Monochrome: Done at times, probably to mimic the typical images of the era. The intent was that all historical fact, such as the U-2 being shot down, was presented in black and white, while the events the writers made up for the movie are shown in color.
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Thirteen Days / int_d34cbda2	type	Implausible Deniability
Thirteen Days / int_d34cbda2	comment	Implausible Deniability: A Navy Commander, under orders not to report being shot at while on a reconnaissance mission over Cuba, tries to claim the numerous bullet holes in his aircraft were from bird strikes. Lampshaded by his crew chief: "Were those 20 mm or 40 mm sparrows, sir?"
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Thirteen Days / int_d62dd556	type	The Chessmaster
Thirteen Days / int_d62dd556	comment	The Chessmaster: Oddly somewhat inverted. While of course inescapable events that will happen if certain things go wrong are a major theme at one point it is also realized that both sides are trying too hard to account for future events and outcomes, preventing them solving the immediate and much more pressing situation. When President Kennedy's advisers balk at a proposal for an under-the-table trade of the Soviet missiles in Cuba for the American missiles stationed in Turkey, with the removal of the American missiles delayed six months so it doesn't look too obvious, because such a trade would be too transparent and the Press would see through it, O'Donnell's response is a somewhat reasonable "In six months I'm not gonna care. Are you?"
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Thirteen Days / int_d71d51fd	type	The End of the World as We Know It
Thirteen Days / int_d71d51fd	comment	The End of the World as We Know It: Impending nuclear war. Ultimately averted, but they get close several times.
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Thirteen Days / int_daa710c8	type	Try Not to Die
Thirteen Days / int_daa710c8	comment	Try Not to Die: A twisted version, brought about by sheer desperation:
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Thirteen Days / int_dc9b1fe9	type	Cue the Sun
Thirteen Days / int_dc9b1fe9	comment	Cue the Sun: In the climax, as Kenny and his wife go to bed, he says, "If the sun comes up tomorrow, it's only because of the will of good men." Cut to a shot of an exploding nuke which morphs into the rising sun the next morning.
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Thirteen Days / int_dceca6f8	type	Missing Man Formation
Thirteen Days / int_dceca6f8	comment	Missing Man Formation: At the end over Major Anderson's casket.
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Thirteen Days / int_df77bb33	type	Ambadassador
Thirteen Days / int_df77bb33	comment	Subverted; everyone thinks that Adlai Stevenson is too weak to stand up to the Soviets, and he initially gives this impression (he is the first one in the movie to suggest a trade with the Soviets to get the missiles out and is probably the only guy in the know that continues to advocate diplomacy when everyone else is looking at immediate retaliatory action), but he soon proves them wrong.
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Thirteen Days / int_e003c829	type	History Repeats
Thirteen Days / int_e003c829	comment	History Repeats: What Kennedy wants to defy. He brings up the example of the lead-up to World War I, and then plays out a similar scenario in the page quote at the top. Other members of his cabinet draw comparisons to World War II instead, such as comparing the missile sites in Cuba to the Japanese carriers steaming for Pearl Harbor or pointing to the Munich Agreement why capitulating to threats will only embolden the Soviets to push for even more concessions.
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Thirteen Days / int_e031b7ef	type	Slave to PR
Thirteen Days / int_e031b7ef	comment	Slave to PR: A major constraint on the range of actions available to all the players. Many of the decisions depicted can be explained as wanting to take a particular action while shedding as much of the negative PR that would come with it as possible. It's partly why, for instance: The US took any action at all over the missiles in Cuba (militarily-speaking they didn't affect the balance of power much — the political and diplomatic damage, however, would have been catastrophic) Why President Kennedy had to maintain his travel schedule to Connecticut and later to Chicago even though it took him away from his advisors (canceling would have raised red flags in the press and in Moscow), Why The New York Times was going to blow the lid off on the missiles (the editor withheld on the Bay of Pigs and got raked over the coals for it) Why the US calls its action a "quarantine" — a blockade is an act of war and leaving it termed as such would have given the Soviets a much stronger incentive to retaliate violently. Why Khrushchev sent that second letter formally asking for the withdrawal of the Jupiter missiles in Turkey — Khrushchev himself faced great pressure from hardliners in his own government to take a tough stand as well against the United States. Why the trading away of the missiles in Turkey had to be under the table—the US could not be seen as taking an action detrimental to an ally's security under threat.
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Thirteen Days / int_e06d3a98	type	In Your Nature to Destroy Yourselves
Thirteen Days / int_e06d3a98	comment	In Your Nature to Destroy Yourselves: Defied; despite how much the General Ripper hardliners advocated for escalation and "chicken" game theory, in the end, the more level-headed and open-minded people on both sides prevailed. Defying this trope is one of the major implied thoughts going through President Kennedy's head throughout the movie—he knows how quickly things could escalate to nuclear war, and how that needs to be avoided at all costs. The other main protagonist, near the end of the movie, notes how "the sun came up. Every day the sun comes up, it says something about us."
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Thirteen Days / int_e0c5d0bc	type	We Are Not Going Through That Again
Thirteen Days / int_e0c5d0bc	comment	We Are Not Going Through That Again: A historical version with John F. Kennedy citing The Guns of August's account of how the blunders of that time led to World War I and noting that there is no way he was going to repeat that story and set off World War III. On the opposing side the Joint Chiefs make repeated references to the Munich agreement that signed away Czechoslovakia to the Nazis in 1938, the infamous source of the Peace in Our Time misquote.
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Thirteen Days / int_e27693	type	The Coup
Thirteen Days / int_e27693	comment	The Coup: Comes up when the Kennedy White House receives two letters from the Soviets, one from Nikita Khrushchev himself in the middle of the night with several errors and indicating a stressed out premier, and a later one the next day which is much more hardline and more official. U.S. officials come to the conclusion that either: 1) the Soviet Union has had a coup and Khrushchev had been replaced with a far more militant government; or 2) he has become a Puppet King for the hardliners in his government, which just amounts to the same thing anyway. Eventually they figure out that there wasn't one: Khrushchev is just trying to appease the warmongers and General Rippers in his own government. Also invoked as to why, following President Kennedy's huge verbal spat with Generals Power and LeMay over DEFCON status, the administration can't just fire them as Bobby suggests — it risks looking like there had been an attempted coup (it's not made clear who would be carrying out a coup on whom, but it would look really bad either way) and in any case would seriously weaken the US's bargaining position by making its military strength look compromised.
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Thirteen Days / int_e563bf09	type	Insistent Terminology
Thirteen Days / int_e563bf09	comment	Why the US calls its action a "quarantine" — a blockade is an act of war and leaving it termed as such would have given the Soviets a much stronger incentive to retaliate violently.
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Thirteen Days / int_e83f211c	type	O.O.C. Is Serious Business
Thirteen Days / int_e83f211c	comment	O.O.C. Is Serious Business: Defied initially during the first week or so after Kennedy first learns of the missiles via U-2 photos — O'Donnell pushes Kennedy to maintain his travel schedule even though it means he won't be around Washington much to discuss their plan of action, leaving it to Robert to lead; with all the military exercises and troop movements the press finds out about, any disruption to Kennedy's schedule would have been major red flags. Once they do decide on a blockade action, it's then played straight, first with Kennedy cutting the Chicago trip short and then Kenny canceling all of the President's schedule on Monday to prepare for the TV broadcast.
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Thirteen Days / int_e8cae797	type	Freudian Trio
Thirteen Days / int_e8cae797	comment	Freudian Trio: Jack would be the Id, tending to act impulsively; Bobby is the Superego, leading the people coming up with the ideas, and Kenny is the Ego, cooling Jack's impulses and pressing Bobby for better solutions.
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Thirteen Days / int_e9e35e8f	type	Exact Words
Thirteen Days / int_e9e35e8f	comment	Subverted in a diplomatic meeting between the Soviet ambassador and President Kennedy, where the Soviets seem to lie right through their teeth when Kennedy asks them point blank if they are placing offensive weapons in Cuba. In fact the Soviets regard the missiles they're introducing in Cuba as defensive in nature, given their fears of a NATO first-strike and avowed second-use-only policy, but introducing the missiles so drastically reduces the USA's advantage that the Americans simply cannot tolerate it.
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Thirteen Days / int_ed914e98	type	Tricked into Signing
Thirteen Days / int_ed914e98	comment	Tricked into Signing: One of O'Donnell's sons asks him to sign a school permission slip at breakfast while he's reading the newspaper and talking to the other kids. It doesn't work; despite being distracted and in a rush, O'Donnell actually looks at the paper and sees that it's his son's report card and that it contains some bad grades.
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Thirteen Days / int_f0515dae	type	Sidelong Glance Biopic
Thirteen Days / int_f0515dae	comment	Sidelong Glance Biopic: the main character for the film is President Kennedy, but the camera follows O'Donnell's point of view during the more quiet and self-reflecting moments.
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Thirteen Days / int_f06b07ff	type	Locked Out of the Loop
Thirteen Days / int_f06b07ff	comment	Locked Out of the Loop: Pierre Salinger, at least during the first part before Kennedy makes his official announcement, since before then they're trying to keep it quiet.
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Thirteen Days / int_f1a15f4b	type	Cats Have Nine Lives
Thirteen Days / int_f1a15f4b	comment	Cats Have Nine Lives: Alluded to by Adlai: "I'm an old political cat, Kenny, but I've got one life left." It's a humble and graceful embrace of the end of his political career (or at least as it seems to him and everyone at the time).
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Thirteen Days / int_f91d1d4f	type	Darkest Hour
Thirteen Days / int_f91d1d4f	comment	Darkest Hour: Really Darkest Day — Saturday, October 27th. It begins with the biggest chance in a week to find a diplomatic solution suddenly go up in smoke thanks to the Kremlin's latest message. It continues with several incidents with U-2s being chased and fired upon including Major Anderson's being shot down and Kennedy having to say no to General Taylor's demands for immediate retaliation despite saying he would. It ends with Bobby and Kenny going to a late-night secret meeting at the Department of Justice with Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin for one last chance at diplomacy before the US initiates airstrikes against Cuba on Monday. En route, they drive by the Soviet embassy, where protestors are silently picketing outside its gates like they're resigned to a fate of nuclear hellfire, and where they notice something else going up in smoke:
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Thirteen Days / int_fd4f8299	type	Well-Intentioned Extremist
Thirteen Days / int_fd4f8299	comment	Well-Intentioned Extremist: The Joint Chiefs of Staff want to protect the United States just as much as the Kennedy brothers, but they believe it can only be achieved through war against Cuba and, if necessary, against the Soviet Union, despite the danger that this may result in a nuclear exchange. They actively attempt to manipulate the President into a situation where their men will be forced to start shooting to subvert his de-escalation policy. Discussed between Kennedy and Kenny, the latter of whom acknowledges that the Generals' intentions are understandable even if their behavior is extreme, and it may in fact end up having been the right call to make.
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Thirteen Days / int_fdbd6162	type	With Friends Like These...
Thirteen Days / int_fdbd6162	comment	With Friends Like These...: Basically, the theme of the whole film.
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Thirteen Days / int_ff7f34c5	type	Pet the Dog
Thirteen Days / int_ff7f34c5	comment	Pet the Dog: The Kennedys are thrown a bone by LeMay, a hawk who has done nothing by disagree with the administration, when he agrees with their decision to hold off punitive air strikes on missile sites that have shot down one of their aircraft. He had just been embarrassed during the meeting when his own lack of oversight greatly escalated the crisis and made him tone down his hawkish stances.
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The following is a list of statements referring to the current page from other pages.

Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Ambadassador / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Anti-Air / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	"Ass" in Ambassador / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Authority in Name Only / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Balance of Power / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Buzzing the Deck / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Calm Before the Storm / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Cats Have Nine Lives / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Cue the Sun / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Deliberately Monochrome / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Diplomatic Cover Spy / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Docudrama / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Dropped-in Speech Clip / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Endangering News Broadcast / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	For Doom the Bell Tolls / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Friendly Tickle Torture / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	General Ripper / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Godzilla Threshold / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Government Procedural / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Historical Hero Upgrade / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Hotline / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Insistent Terminology / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Irrevocable Order / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Landing Gear Shot / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Locked Out of the Loop / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Missing Man Formation / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Monochrome to Color / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Naval Blockade / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	No-Harm Requirement / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	"Number of Objects" Title / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Operation: [Blank] / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Playing Sick / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Running the Blockade / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Sidelong Glance Biopic / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Sins of Our Fathers / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	State Visit / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Stock Footage / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Storyboarding the Apocalypse / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Talking through Technique / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	The '60s / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	The Big Board / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	The Coup / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	The End of the World as We Know It / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	The Whole World Is Watching / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Tricked into Signing / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Try Not to Die / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Warhawk / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	White-and-Grey Morality / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	With Due Respect / int_4ccf8068
Thirteen Days	hasFeature	Zero-Approval Gambit / int_4ccf8068

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