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You Do Not Have to Say Anything
- 131 statements
- 24 feature instances
- 22 referencing feature instances
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The standard caution read by a police officer to anyone who gets arrested in the UK. Unlike the Miranda rights, this is almost always done as well on TV (even if only parts of it), if not necessarily by the character who actually cuffs the perp. The current England and Wales version (as modified by the 1994 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act) is: (Source: "Being arrested: your rights" on the UK Government website.) The original version prior to 1994 was: (Sharp-eyed tropers will note that the accused now has only a qualified right to remain silentnote If you don't say something that could exculpate you (i.e. would assist in your defence) while being questioned, then you will have to explain why you didn't mention it during your trial, and if your reason not to mention it isn't good enough, your silence will be used against you - known in the legal profession as an "adverse inference", whereas before 1994 the accused had an absolute right to remain silentnote You don't need to say anything to police that have arrested you, period. No exceptions, and you can withhold information that may assist in your defense at trial without having to explain why. This change was enormously controversial at the time and is still lamented by civil libertarians. It may also be at odds with the European Convention on Human Rights. However, whilst this change may seem unfair out of context, it makes a lot more sense when you know the full picture. In the UK, the rules on police interrogation were changed to make them fairer and decrease the chances of innocent suspects incriminating themselves or falsely confessing to crimes they didn't do note For example, UK police are not allowed to lie to suspects and must let them tell their side of the story without interruption. So it makes sense for police to be suspicious of a suspect refusing to talk) The Scottish version is: (Sharp-eyed tropers will note that this is an unqualified right to remain silent. The reason for Scottish people enjoying this unqualified right whilst suspects in England or Wales do not is because Scotland has its own legal system. However, this unqualified right has to be balanced against other features of Scots law. Prior to the Cadder case (decided in October 2010), for example, the accused in Scotland had no right to consult with a lawyer before being questioned, whereas those in other parts of the UK did. Source: Scottish Government website.) A frequent TV practice is for a senior officer to yell "You're nicked!" before a junior officer recites this caution. |
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| You Do Not Have to Say Anything / int_12146ac8 | type |
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Always recited in Line of Duty when the AC-12 is conducting an interview. It's particularly important as the officers of AC-12 are Internal Affairs, so nearly everyone they interview or interrogate is a police officer suspected of being bent. There is also routinely a discussion of the interviewee's right to be interviewed an officer of at least one rank superior, which sometimes creates issues for the officers who are initially ranked as Detective Constables before eventually being promoted to Detective Sergeant and Detective Inspector. | |
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In Thud!, Sergeant Colon reads the an imprisoned dwarf clerk his rights "but don't ask me if he understood them". This time the irrelevant "rights" concern tea and biscuits. | |
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At the end of Clockwise, an unseen officer rattles through the charges against Brian, before ending with this phrase. | |
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Discworld: In Guards! Guards!, Carrot reads two prisoners their rights as set out in the Dignity of Man (Civic Rights) Act of 1341. The bit about remaining silent is in there, but because this is Ankh-Morpork there is also some stuff about the right not to fall down the steps to the cells or jump out of high windows. In Thud!, Sergeant Colon reads the an imprisoned dwarf clerk his rights "but don't ask me if he understood them". This time the irrelevant "rights" concern tea and biscuits. |
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The Inspector Lynley Mysteries | |
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A strip of The Perishers had a crab being arrested and told "anything you say will be taken down" to which he quickly designated a person and an item of clothing. | |
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Heard briefly in Hot Fuzz when Nicholas arrests the chav shoplifter. Averted in the same film, where Angel arrests Skinner, there is a complete reversal of his "procedural correctness in the execution of unquestionable moral authority", as he states the cause for arrest and supporting evidence yet fails to caution them. They are promptly dearrested afterwards anyway due to a lack of corroborating evidence. |
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In The Pirate Movie, an "updated" dream-like retelling of The Pirates of Penzance, the lead policeman reads "Anything you say may be taken down..." to which all the Stanley daughters yell "Knickers!" | |
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Inspector Jack Regan's take on this in The Sweeney was inevitably "You're fucking nicked!" | |
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Spoofed in Incompetence, the comedy novel by Rob Grant, where the caution takes up an entire chapter and basically amounts to "anything you say (or don't say) means you're both guilty and fully understand your rights". There is also a simplified version, for suspects who don't understand the full version: | |
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New Tricks | |
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In the Granada adaptation of Sherlock Holmes story "The Norwood Builder," they add a line where Holmes advises his client McFarlane that—because Lestrade has turned up to make an arrest in the middle of their interview—anything McFarlane says will be entered into evidence. | |
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The Last Detective | |
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Episodes of A Touch of Frost have been set both before and after the 1994 changes (which introduced the "But it may harm your defence" line). Those set shortly after the change had a running joke in which Detective Inspector Frost would keep forgetting the new wording, usually having to read it out from a piece of paper in his pocket. | |
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Not the Nine O'Clock News did a comedic riff on this: "Anything you say will be taken down and used in evidence." The deadpan response; "No, no, not the face. Ow. Argh. Stop it, you're hurting me." The Policeman dutifully writes it all down... | |
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In the first series of Life On Mars, Sam Tyler stubbornly continues to recite the post-1994 version of the caution in 1973. Each time, another cop or the arrestee tells him he's got it wrong. And at one point, he catches himself, tries to remember the old version, and comes up with the Miranda warning from the US. In an obvious Shout-Out in the second episode of Ashes to Ashes (2008), Alex Drake bribes Gene Hunt into nicking the perp she's sure is the right man (but Gene is unconvinced of) by letting Gene stamp her bum. To his credit, the Gene Genie backs her 100% during the arrest, to the point of dragging an old man down a flight of stairs by his pajamalegs, but when Alex tries to give the kid his caution, Gene loudly says "That's not how it goes!" In another episode of Ashes to Ashes, Gene and Alex have finally cornered a very nasty character. Gene proceeds to read him his rights, but being Gene, does his own version: "Anything you say will be taken down, ripped up and shoved down your scrawny little throat until you choke to death! Gene Hunt, chapter 1, verse 2." |
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In the 1985 Doctor Who Radio Drama "Slipback", a Cowboy Cop recites his own version of the pre-1994 caution: | |
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Almost always when a criminal was arrested in the long-running ITV drama The Bill. In one 1994 episode, a hardened con starts to say he knows the drill, only to be baffled by the new version. | |
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In Suspects, this caution is usually accompanied by vigorous verbal protest from the arrestee and the officer often has to say "Do you understand?" several times. | |
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In The Minority Council by Kate Griffin, this is used in an incantation to catch a monster (along with a roll of police tape and similar paraphernalia). | |
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Midsomer Murders | |
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Downton Abbey has the police who come to arrest Bates giving a form of this — the arrest took place in the period after the police were officially advised to inform suspects of their rights (the Judges' Rules of 1912), but before a national standard phrasing was set. | |
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In Guards! Guards!, Carrot reads two prisoners their rights as set out in the Dignity of Man (Civic Rights) Act of 1341. The bit about remaining silent is in there, but because this is Ankh-Morpork there is also some stuff about the right not to fall down the steps to the cells or jump out of high windows. | |
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Obviously, Law & Order: UK. The Last Detective New Tricks Midsomer Murders The Inspector Lynley Mysteries |
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